How Nginx implements access control configuration based on request source domain name

How Nginx implements access control configuration based on the request source domain name requires specific code examples

Nginx is a high-performance web server software. It can not only be used as a static The file server can also be configured to achieve flexible access control. This article will introduce how to implement access control configuration based on the request source domain name through Nginx, and provide specific code examples.

The Nginx configuration file is usually located in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. We can add relevant configurations to this file. Here is an example of a basic Nginx configuration file:

http {
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://localhost:8000;
        }
    }
}

In the above example, we listen to port 80 and forward all requests to the local port 8000. The server_name directive is used in this configuration to specify the domain name that accepts requests. By default, Nginx will accept requests from all domain names. If you want to implement access control configuration based on the domain name of the request source, you can use the if directive combined with $request_header to achieve this.

The following is an example:

http {
    server {
        listen 80;

        if ($http_host ~* "^(www.)?example.com$") {
            location / {
                proxy_pass http://localhost:8000;
            }
        }

        if ($http_host ~* "^(www.)?example2.com$") {
            return 403;
        }
    }
}

In the above example, we use two if instructions to implement access control configuration based on the request source domain name. In the first if block, we use the $http_host variable to match the example.com domain name and forward the request to the local port 8000. In the second if block, we also use the $http_host variable to match the example2.com domain name and return a 403 error.

It should be noted that using the if instruction in Nginx will cause performance losses. If possible, it is recommended to use regular expressions for domain name matching and use the location directive to achieve more efficient configuration.

In addition to using the if directive, Nginx also provides many other directives and modules for implementing more complex access control configurations, such as the ngx_http_access_module module, ngx_http_auth_basic_module module, etc. You can choose the appropriate configuration method according to actual needs.

To summarize, access control configuration based on the domain name of the request source can be implemented through Nginx. By using the if directive in combination with the $http_host variable in the configuration file, conditional judgment can be made based on the requested domain name, thereby achieving flexible access control. Of course, in order to ensure performance, it is recommended to choose an appropriate configuration method and combine it with other modules to achieve more complex control requirements.

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