How to handle multiple conditions more concisely through PHP8's Match expression?

How to handle multiple conditions more concisely through PHP8's Match expression?

PHP8 introduces a new expression - Match expression, which is more concise and intuitive than the previous if-elseif-else statement when processing multiple conditions. Match expressions use a new syntax structure that makes it easier to match and process values.

The basic syntax of Match expression is as follows:

$result = match ($value) {
    $condition1 => $result1,
    $condition2 => $result2,
    ...
    $conditionN => $resultN,
    default => $defaultResult,
};

With this syntax, we can process multiple conditions in one line of code and return different results according to different conditions. Below we use several specific examples to illustrate how to use Match expressions to handle multiple conditions concisely.

Example 1: Return the corresponding welcome message based on the user's login identity

$userType = getUserType();

$welcomeMessage = match ($userType) {
    'admin' => '欢迎管理员！',
    'user' => '欢迎普通用户！',
    'guest' => '欢迎游客！',
    default => '欢迎访问！',
};

echo $welcomeMessage;

In this example, we use Match expression to return the corresponding welcome message based on the user's login identity. Depending on the value of $userType, the Match expression will return different results.

Example 2: Calculate the discount price of the order based on the product type

$productType = getProductType();

$discountPrice = match ($productType) {
    '电子产品' => $orderPrice * 0.8,
    '服装鞋包' => $orderPrice * 0.9,
    '食品饮料' => $orderPrice * 0.95,
    default => $orderPrice,
};

echo '折扣后的价格为：' . $discountPrice;

In this example, we use Match expression to calculate the discount price of the order based on the product type. According to different $productType values, the Match expression will return the corresponding discount price.

Example 3: Processing the status code of the HTTP request

$httpStatusCode = getHttpStatusCode();

$message = match ($httpStatusCode) {
    200 => '请求成功',
    301 => '永久重定向',
    404 => '页面不存在',
    500 => '服务器错误',
    default => '未知状态',
};

echo '状态码' . $httpStatusCode . '：' . $message;

In this example, we use the Match expression to return the corresponding information based on the status code of the HTTP request. According to different $httpStatusCode values, the Match expression will return different messages.

As can be seen from the above examples, using Match expressions can handle multiple conditions concisely and return corresponding results according to different conditions. It eliminates a lot of if-elseif-else statements, making the code clearer and more readable.

Although Match expressions have certain advantages when processing multiple conditions, it should be noted that the conditions matched by Match expressions must be values ​​rather than expressions. In addition, the default branch of the Match expression is optional and will return null if no condition is matched.

In short, through PHP8’s Match expression, we can handle multiple conditions more concisely, making the code more concise and readable. It is a good choice for PHP developers when dealing with multiple conditional statements.

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