Out-of-the-box solutions for Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB: Quickly set up a PHP environment

Out-of-the-box solutions for Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB: Quickly set up a PHP environment

Overview:

Developing and deploying PHP applications When programming, it is crucial to build a reliable and easy-to-manage environment. Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB can provide a solution to quickly build a PHP environment. This article will introduce how to use Docker Compose to configure and run containers, use Nginx as the web server, use MariaDB as the database, and quickly build a PHP environment.

1. Install Docker and Docker Compose:

First, we need to install Docker and Docker Compose on the local machine. Installation guides for different operating systems can be found on the official Docker website. After the installation is complete, verify whether the installation is successful. You can enter the following command in the terminal or command prompt:

docker --version
docker-compose --version

If the version number can be displayed correctly, it means that Docker and Docker Compose have been successfully installed.

2. Create a Docker Compose file:

Next, we need to create a file named docker-compose.yml and define our service and container configuration in it.

version: '3'
services:
  nginx:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: nginx.dockerfile
    ports:
      - 80:80
    depends_on:
      - php
  php:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: php.dockerfile
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html
  mariadb:
    image: mariadb
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=secret

Explanation:

• nginx service: Use the build command to build an Nginx-based container, map port 80 of the local machine to port 80 of the container, and rely on the php service.
• php service: Use the build command to build a container that contains the necessary PHP extensions, and mount the ./src directory of the local machine to the /var/www/html directory of the container to achieve synchronous updates of the code.
• mariadb service: Use the default MariaDB Docker image and set the ROOT password to secret.

3. Create a Dockerfile and configuration file:

Next, we need to create a Dockerfile and configuration file to provide the necessary configuration and dependencies when building the image.

1. nginx.dockerfile:

FROM nginx

COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
COPY default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

Explanation: Build a new image from the official Nginx image, and then copy the local nginx.conf and default.conf files to The corresponding location of the container.

2. php.dockerfile:

FROM php:7.4-fpm

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y 
    zlib1g-dev 
    libzip-dev 
    && docker-php-ext-install zip pdo_mysql

COPY php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/custom.ini

Explanation: Build a new image from the official PHP image, then use the apt-get command to install the necessary dependencies and pass docker The -php-ext-install command installs zip and pdo_mysql extensions. Finally, copy the local php.ini file to the container.

3. nginx.conf:

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        root   /var/www/html;
        index  index.php index.html;

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        }

        location ~ .php$ {
            fastcgi_pass   php:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
    }
}

Explanation: This is the Nginx configuration file. Configured with default log paths, event settings, http settings and a basic server block to handle requests and hand off PHP processing to the php container.

4. default.conf:

server {
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ .php$ {
        fastcgi_pass   php:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi_params;
    }
}

Explanation: This is the default configuration file of Nginx. Same as the server block settings in the nginx.conf file.

4. Start building and running the container:

After setting all configuration files, we can start building and running the container. In the terminal or command prompt, go to the directory where the docker-compose.yml file is located, and then run the following command:

docker-compose up --build

This command will start the process of building the image and running the container. Once completed, you will see the container running and the PHP application accessible via http://localhost.

If you need to run the container in the background, you can use the following command:

docker-compose up -d --build

This command will run the container in daemon mode.

Summary:

With out-of-the-box solutions from Docker Compose, Nginx and MariaDB, we can quickly build and manage a PHP environment. Docker's portability and containerization advantages make developing and deploying PHP applications easier and more reliable. I hope this article was helpful to you. For more details about the code examples, please refer to the configuration files mentioned in this article.

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