PHP-FPM Performance Improvement Guide: Optimizing Database Access for Your Website

PHP-FPM Performance Improvement Guide: Optimizing the database access of the website

Abstract: This article will introduce how to optimize the database access of the website to improve the performance of PHP-FPM Some practical tips and concrete code examples.

Introduction:
For most websites, the database is an important part of storing and managing data, and PHP-FPM, as a commonly used web server solution, its performance is critical to the rapid response of the website Crucial. In the case of high concurrency, database access often becomes a bottleneck, so optimizing database access is one of the key steps to improve website performance. This article will introduce some methods to optimize database access that even non-professional database administrators or PHP developers can understand and implement.

1. Reduce the number of database queries
(1) Database query cache
You can use database query cache to avoid querying the same data multiple times. For example, query results can be stored in the cache before querying, and subsequent queries can be obtained directly from the cache without accessing the database. The following is a code example for using Memcached as a caching system:

<?php
$memcached = new Memcached;
$memcached->addServer('localhost', 11211);

function get_data_from_db($key) {
  global $memcached;

  $data = $memcached->get($key);
  if ($data === false) {
    $data = query_data_from_db($key);
    $memcached->set($key, $data, 3600); // 缓存1小时
  }

  return $data;
}

function query_data_from_db($key) {
  // 查询数据库获取数据的代码
}
?>

(2) Batch query and IN query
Avoid executing multiple queries in a loop, but use batch queries or IN queries as much as possible method to obtain multiple pieces of data. For example, if you need to query data based on multiple conditions, you can use an IN query instead of a loop query. The following is a code example using IN query:

<?php
$condition_data = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; // 查询条件

// 构建IN查询条件
$condition_string = implode(',', $condition_data);

// 执行查询
$query = "SELECT * FROM table WHERE id IN ($condition_string)";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);
while ($row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result)) {
  // 处理查询结果的代码
}
?>

2. Reasonable use of indexes
Database indexes are very important for improving query performance. Ensuring that you have appropriate indexes on key fields of your table can greatly improve query efficiency. The following is a code example for creating an index:

ALTER TABLE table ADD INDEX index_name (column_name);

3. Use prepared statements
Preprocessed statements can avoid parsing and compiling query statements for each query, thereby improving query performance. The following is a code example using PDO preprocessing statements:

<?php
$pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=localhost;dbname=database", "username", "password");

// 准备查询语句
$query = "SELECT * FROM table WHERE id = :id";
$statement = $pdo->prepare($query);

// 绑定参数并执行查询
$statement->bindParam(':id', $id);
$statement->execute();

// 获取查询结果
$result = $statement->fetchAll();

// 处理查询结果的代码
?>

4. Optimize the database structure
Reasonable database design and structure can improve the access performance of the database. The following are some common methods to optimize the database structure:
(1) Standardize the database structure to avoid duplicate data and redundant fields;
(2) Use the correct field type and length;
(3) Establish Proper relationships and indexing.

Conclusion:
By optimizing database access, the performance of PHP-FPM can be significantly improved, allowing the website to have faster response speed and better user experience. The methods and code examples mentioned above can help developers optimize database access in actual projects, but they need to be adjusted and expanded according to specific situations. During the optimization process, you can use some performance monitoring tools and database tools to analyze and test the effects of different optimization methods to find the optimization solution that best suits your project.

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