Technology to monitor website availability based on Python script in Linux environment

Technology for monitoring website availability based on Python scripts in Linux environment

Abstract: This article introduces how to use Python scripts to monitor website availability in a Linux environment. Specifically, it includes detecting whether the website is accessible by sending HTTP requests and parsing responses, and how to configure the monitoring script as a scheduled task and send alarm emails.

1. Introduction
   With the development of the Internet, website availability has become a crucial indicator. If the website cannot be accessed normally, it will cause huge inconvenience to users and even affect the company's brand image and business operations. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the availability of the website in a timely manner.

2. Preparation
   In order to use Python to monitor website availability, we first need to install the Python environment. On Linux, you can install Python through the package manager. For example, on Debian/Ubuntu you can use the following command to install:

   $ sudo apt-get install python

3. Script to monitor website availability
   One is given below Simple Python script for monitoring website availability. The script sends an HTTP request and checks the response status code. If the status code is 200, it means the website is accessible; otherwise, it means the website is not accessible.

import requests

def check_website(url):
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            print(f"Website {url} is accessible.")
        else:
            print(f"Website {url} is not accessible. Status code: {response.status_code}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred while accessing website {url}:", str(e))

def main():
    websites = [
        "http://www.example1.com",
        "http://www.example2.com",
        "http://www.example3.com"
    ]
    for website in websites:
        check_website(website)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

In the above code, we first send an HTTP GET request through requests.get(url) and get the response. Then, we can get the response status code through response.status_code and make a judgment.

4. Configuring scheduled tasks
   In order to monitor website availability regularly, we can configure the above script as a scheduled task. The Linux system provides the cron tool, which can help us implement the function of scheduled tasks.

You can use the following command to edit the crontab file:

$ crontab -e

Then, add the following content in the file:

*/5 * * * * python /path/to/monitor_script.py >> /path/to/log_file.txt 2>&1

The above configuration Indicates that the Python script will be executed every 5 minutes and the output will be redirected to the log file.

5. Send alarm email
   In order to be notified of changes in website availability in a timely manner, we can modify the script to send an alarm email when the website is inaccessible.

First, we need to configure the relevant information of the SMTP server, such as server address, port number, user name and password, etc. Then, we can use the smtplib library to implement the email sending function.

The following is a modified code example:

import requests
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def check_website(url):
    try:
        response = requests.get(url)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            print(f"Website {url} is accessible.")
        else:
            send_alert_email(url, response.status_code)
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"An error occurred while accessing website {url}:", str(e))

def send_alert_email(url, status_code):
    smtp_server = "smtp.example.com"
    smtp_port = 25
    smtp_username = "your_username"
    smtp_password = "your_password"
    sender = "sender@example.com"
    receiver = "receiver@example.com"
    subject = f"Website {url} is not accessible!"
    message = f"Status code: {status_code}"
    
    msg = MIMEText(message)
    msg["Subject"] = subject
    msg["From"] = sender
    msg["To"] = receiver
    
    with smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, smtp_port) as server:
        server.login(smtp_username, smtp_password)
        server.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
        
def main():
    websites = [
        "http://www.example1.com",
        "http://www.example2.com",
        "http://www.example3.com"
    ]
    for website in websites:
        check_website(website)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

In the above code, we first define the SMTP server information, sender and recipient required to send mail. Then, we use smtplib.SMTP to log in to the SMTP server and send emails.

Summary: This article introduces how to use Python scripts to monitor website availability in a Linux environment. By sending an HTTP request and parsing the response, we are able to determine whether the website is accessible. At the same time, we also introduced how to configure the monitoring script as a scheduled task and send an alarm email when the website is inaccessible. These methods can help you understand and solve website usability problems in a timely manner, and improve user experience and business operation results.

The above is the detailed content of Technology to monitor website availability based on Python script in Linux environment. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!