PHP-FPM performance optimization: Tips to improve website user experience

PHP-FPM Performance Optimization: Tips for improving website user experience

Introduction:
In today's Internet era, the user experience of the website is crucial to the success of the website Crucial. A fast and efficient website can attract more users and leave a good impression on them. As a commonly used PHP processor, PHP-FPM's performance has a direct impact on the website's access speed and response time. This article will introduce some techniques to improve the performance of PHP-FPM, aiming to help websites improve user access experience.

1. Use OPcache to accelerate PHP
OPcache is a bytecode caching technology that comes with PHP. It can save the compiled bytecode of the PHP script in memory to avoid executing the PHP script every time. It needs to be recompiled every time. Enabling OPcache can significantly improve PHP's execution speed and performance. The specific enabling method is as follows:

; 在php.ini文件中添加以下配置
zend_extension=opcache.so
opcache.enable=1
opcache.memory_consumption=128
opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8
opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000
opcache.revalidate_freq=60
opcache.fast_shutdown=1

The configuration items here can be adjusted according to the actual situation. After enabling OPcache, you can use the phpinfo() function to confirm whether OPcache is effective.

2. Adjust the number of PHP-FPM processes and configuration parameters
The number of PHP-FPM processes and the setting of configuration parameters are also a key factor in improving performance. Too many processes will occupy too much memory resources, while too few processes will cause the request processing time to be too long. We need to choose the appropriate number of processes and configuration parameters based on the actual situation of the server. The following are some commonly used configuration parameters:

pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
pm.max_requests = 500

The configuration items here can be adjusted according to the actual situation. pm.max_children represents the maximum number of processes, pm.start_servers represents the initial number of processes, pm.min_spare_servers represents the minimum number of idle processes, pm.max_spare_servers represents the maximum number of idle processes, and pm.max_requests represents the maximum number of requests processed by each process. By properly adjusting these parameters, the performance of PHP-FPM can be improved.

3. Optimize database query
Database query is a common cause of website performance bottlenecks. By optimizing database queries, you can significantly improve your website's performance. Here are some tips for optimizing database queries:

1. Reduce the number of queries: Try to reduce the number of unnecessary queries and avoid repeated queries by using cache.
2. Use indexes: Correct use of indexes can speed up queries. Appropriate indexes can be selected by analyzing query statements and table structures.
3. Optimize SQL statements: Optimize query statements, such as using JOIN to replace multiple separate queries, and avoid using SELECT * and other statements that query all columns.
4. Use cache: You can use cache to save the results of frequent queries. When you query the same data next time, you can get the results directly from the cache.

4. Use static files or CDN acceleration
Placing some static files such as pictures, CSS, JavaScript, etc. on a static file server or CDN can reduce the load on the server and improve website access. Speed ​​and response time. This loads pages faster and uses less bandwidth. You can use a server such as Nginx to set access rules for static files.

Conclusion:
We can improve the performance of PHP-FPM by properly using OPcache to accelerate PHP, adjusting the number of PHP-FPM processes and configuration parameters, optimizing database queries, and using static files or CDN acceleration. , thereby improving the user experience of website access. A fast and efficient website can better attract users and leave a good impression on them. I hope this article will be helpful to everyone in PHP-FPM performance optimization.

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