How to use Python scripts to implement system monitoring and alarming in Linux

How to use Python scripts to implement system monitoring and alarming in Linux

In the modern cloud computing environment, it is crucial to ensure efficient and stable system operation. In order to achieve this goal, monitoring the system and providing timely alarms have become indispensable tasks. This article will introduce how to use Python scripts to implement system monitoring and alarming in Linux systems, and provide specific code examples.

1. Install Python and related libraries

First, make sure that Python and related libraries have been installed on the system. Most Linux distributions come with Python installed by default, and some commonly used libraries are usually pre-installed. If Python is not pre-installed on your system, you can install it through the package manager. For example, on an Ubuntu system, you can use the following command to install Python:

sudo apt-get install python3

After installing Python, use the following command to install related libraries:

pip install psutil
pip install smtplib
pip install email.mime.multipart
pip install email.mime.text

psutil library is used to obtain system information , the smtplib library is used to send emails, and the email.mime.multipart and email.mime.text libraries are used to create emails.

2. Get system information

In order to monitor the usage of the system, we need to obtain some system information first. Using the psutil library, you can easily obtain information such as CPU and memory usage, disk and network IO. The following is a sample code showing how to get the CPU and memory usage:

import psutil

def get_cpu_usage():
    return psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)

def get_memory_usage():
    mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
    return mem.percent

By calling the get_cpu_usage() and get_memory_usage() functions, we can get the current CPU usage and memory usage.

3. Set alarm rules

After determining the system information to be monitored, we need to set some alarm rules to trigger alarms when the system is abnormal. For example, we can set an alarm to be triggered when the CPU usage exceeds 80% or the memory usage exceeds 90%. The following is a sample code that shows how to set alarm rules:

CPU_THRESHOLD = 80
MEMORY_THRESHOLD = 90

def check_cpu_usage():
    cpu_usage = get_cpu_usage()
    if cpu_usage > CPU_THRESHOLD:
        send_alert_email("CPU 使用率过高：%d%%" % cpu_usage)

def check_memory_usage():
    memory_usage = get_memory_usage()
    if memory_usage > MEMORY_THRESHOLD:
        send_alert_email("内存 使用率过高：%d%%" % memory_usage)

In the above code, we define two constants CPU_THRESHOLD and MEMORY_THRESHOLD to represent the thresholds of CPU and memory respectively. Then, we wrote two functions check_cpu_usage() and check_memory_usage() to check the CPU and memory usage and trigger an alarm when the threshold is exceeded.

4. Send alarm emails

Once the system usage exceeds the set threshold, we need to send alarm emails to relevant personnel. By using smtplib and the email library, we can easily implement the email sending function. The following is a sample code that shows how to send an alarm email:

import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

def send_alert_email(message):
    sender = "sender@example.com"
    receiver = "receiver@example.com"
    password = "password"

    subject = "系统报警"
    body = message

    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg['From'] = sender
    msg['To'] = receiver
    msg['Subject'] = subject

    msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))

    server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.example.com', 587)
    server.starttls()
    server.login(sender, password)
    server.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
    server.quit()

In the above code, we first set the relevant information of the sender, recipient, and SMTP server. Then, we created a MIMEMultipart object and set the sender, recipients, and subject. Finally, we send the email by calling the sendmail() method of the server object.

5. Set monitoring tasks

Finally, we need to set up a scheduled task to perform system monitoring and alarming. In Linux systems, we can use cron to set up scheduled tasks. Here is an example command using cron:

* * * * * python /path/to/script.py

The above command will execute the script every minute.

Summary

This article introduces how to use Python scripts to implement system monitoring and alarming in Linux, and provides specific code examples. By regularly obtaining system information and setting alarm rules, we can receive alarm emails in time when the system is abnormal, so that we can take appropriate measures to deal with it. This method can help us ensure the efficient and stable operation of the system and reduce the impact of system failures on the business.

The above is the detailed content of How to use Python scripts to implement system monitoring and alarming in Linux. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!