Methods and steps for implementing log rotation using Systemd and Crontab in Linux

Title: Methods and steps to implement log rotation using Systemd and Crontab in Linux

Text:

In the Linux system, the log file records Important events and error information that occur in the system, log files will become larger and larger as time goes by, not only occupying hard disk space, but also making it difficult to view the logs. In order to solve this problem, we can use Systemd and Crontab to implement log rotation, that is, regularly back up and archive log files. This article will introduce how to use Systemd and Crontab to implement log rotation methods and steps, and provide specific code examples.

1. Use Systemd to implement log rotation

1. Create a log rotation configuration file
   First, we need to create a Systemd log rotation configuration file. Enter the following command in the terminal to create a configuration file named "myapp-logrotate.conf":

sudo nano /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/myapp-logrotate.conf

Add the following content in the configuration file:

[Journal]
Storage=persistent
MaxFileSec=1month

Among them, "Storage The "parameter specifies the storage method of the log file. "persistent" means that the log file will be persisted on the disk. The "MaxFileSec" parameter specifies the retention time of log files, which is set to 1 month here.

Save and exit the configuration file.

2. Restart Systemd log service
   Enter the following command in the terminal to restart Systemd log service:

sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

Now, Systemd will rotate logs according to the settings in the configuration file document.

2. Use Crontab to implement log rotation

1. Create a log rotation script
   Next, we need to create a Crontab log rotation script. Enter the following command in the terminal to create a script file named "logrotate-script.sh":

sudo nano /usr/local/bin/logrotate-script.sh

Paste the following code into the script file:

#!/bin/bash

# 日志文件路径
logfile="/var/log/myapp/myapp.log"

# 归档目录路径
archive_dir="/var/log/myapp/archive"

# 归档文件名
archive_file="myapp_$(date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S').log"

# 压缩归档文件
tar -czvf $archive_dir/$archive_file $logfile

# 清空日志文件
> $logfile

Save and exit script file.

2. Grant script execution permission
   Enter the following command in the terminal to grant script execution permission:

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/logrotate-script.sh

3. Create Crontab task
   Finally, we A Crontab task needs to be created to execute the log rotation script regularly. Enter the following command in the terminal to edit Crontab:

crontab -e

Add the following content in the Crontab file:

# 每天的凌晨0点执行日志轮转脚本
0 0 * * * /usr/local/bin/logrotate-script.sh

Save and exit the Crontab file.

Now, Crontab will execute the log rotation script at 0 am every day to archive and clear the log files.

Summary:

Through the above methods and steps, we can use Systemd and Crontab to implement log rotation. Use Systemd to set the retention time of log files, and use Crontab to regularly execute log rotation scripts to archive and clear log files. Through reasonable configuration and use, we can effectively manage and maintain system log files.

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