High-performance search engine implementation: PHP database optimization

High-performance search engine implementation: PHP database optimization

Introduction:
In the modern Internet era, search engines have become an important means for people to obtain information. Search engine performance is critical to user experience. This article will explore how to implement a high-performance search engine through PHP database optimization and provide specific code examples.

1. Reasonable design of database structure
Database design is an important part of search engine performance optimization. The following are some design guidelines:

1. Use appropriate field types: Choose appropriate field types according to the characteristics of the data, such as using integer types to store integers and string types to store strings. This helps reduce storage space usage and improve query efficiency.

Sample code:
CREATE TABLE product (
id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
price DECIMAL(8,2) NOT NULL,
description TEXT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id),
KEY name (name)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2. Use Appropriate indexes: Create appropriate indexes based on the characteristics of the query to speed up the query. For frequently queried fields, adding indexes can improve search efficiency.

Sample code:
ALTER TABLE product ADD INDEX name (name);

3. Vertical splitting and horizontal splitting: According to the reading and writing properties of the data, vertical splitting and horizontal splitting are used to improve database performance. Vertical splitting refers to storing different tables in different databases, while horizontal splitting refers to dividing and storing the same table according to certain rules.

2. Optimize database query
Database query is the core link of search engine performance optimization. The following are some optimization tips:

1. Avoid full table scans: Try to avoid using query conditions without indexes to avoid causing full table scans. Indexes should be used to quickly locate the required data.

Sample code:
SELECT * FROM product WHERE name = 'iPhone';

2. Fair use query Caching: Query caching can cache query results in memory to reduce the number of database accesses. However, if the data is updated frequently, the query cache may become invalid, so a trade-off needs to be made.

Sample code:
// Turn on query cache
$query = "SELECT * FROM product WHERE name = 'iPhone'" ;
$result = mysqli_query($connection, "SET SESSION query_cache_type=1");
$result = mysqli_query($connection, "SELECT SQL_CACHE * FROM product WHERE name = 'iPhone'");

3. Use appropriate paging methods: For paging queries in search engines, you should use appropriate paging methods (such as the LIMIT keyword) to avoid one-time reading All data.

Sample code:
$page = 1;
$perPage = 10;
$offset = ($page - 1) * $perPage;

$query = "SELECT * FROM product LIMIT $offset, $perPage";
$result = mysqli_query($connection, $query);

3. Optimize database connection
Database connection is a key link in search engine performance optimization. The following are some optimization methods:

1. Connection pool technology: Using connection pool technology can reduce the overhead of database connections. The connection pool maintains a certain number of connections. The application obtains connections from the connection pool and returns them to the connection pool after use.

Sample code:
// Before connecting, get the connection from the connection pool
$connection = $connectionPool->getConnection();

// Execute database operation

//After the operation is completed, return the connection to the connection pool
$connectionPool->releaseConnection($connection);

2. Set the connection timeout and maximum appropriately Number of connections: By properly setting the connection timeout and the maximum number of connections, you can avoid performance degradation caused by too many connections.

Sample code:
//Set the connection timeout to 10 seconds
$connectionTimeout = 10;
mysqli_options($connection, MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, $connectionTimeout);

//Set the maximum number of connections to 100
$maxConnections = 100;
mysqli_options($connection, MYSQLI_OPT_CONNECT_FLAGS, $maxConnections);

Conclusion:
Through reasonable design of database structure and optimization Database queries and optimized database connections can improve search engine performance. In practical applications, caching, load balancing and other technologies can also be combined to further optimize performance. I hope this article can help readers better implement high-performance search engines.

Reference materials:
[1] PHP and MySQLi Introduction - W3Schools, https://www.w3schools.com/php/php_mysqli_intro.asp

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