Database design suggestions for achieving high concurrent access with the help of MySQL MVCC

With the help of MySQL MVCC, database design suggestions for achieving high concurrent access

Abstract:
With the rapid development of Internet technology, the performance and scalability of the database It has become one of the bottlenecks for enterprise development. In order to achieve high concurrent access, database design plays a very important role in the stability and availability of the system. This article will introduce how to use MySQL's multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) to achieve database design recommendations for high concurrent access.

Keywords: MySQL, MVCC, high concurrent access, database design

1. Introduction
   MySQL, as the most popular open source relational database management system, is suitable for enterprise business applications and data storage have a wide range of applications. However, MySQL's performance and scalability may be limited when faced with high concurrent access. In order to solve this problem, we can use MySQL's multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) mechanism to achieve high concurrent access by optimizing the database design.
2. The principle of MySQL MVCC
   Multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) is a mechanism in MySQL for handling concurrent transactions. MVCC improves the concurrency performance of the database by creating snapshots of transactions so that multiple transactions can read and write data at the same time.

In MVCC, each transaction has a unique transaction ID. When a transaction needs to read or write data, it compares its own transaction ID with the version of the data in the database. If a transaction's read operation occurs before other transactions' write operations, the latest version of the data can be read. If a transaction's write operation conflicts with another transaction's read or write operation, a lock will be generated or the conflicting transaction will wait for completion.

3. Database design suggestions to achieve high concurrent access
   In order to achieve high concurrent access, we can design the database according to the following suggestions:

3.1 Reasonable splitting of tables
For large databases, splitting data into multiple tables can improve concurrency performance. Data can be divided into multiple tables according to business logic to avoid lock competition and data conflicts.

3.2 Using indexes
Rational use of indexes can reduce the time complexity of queries and improve the query performance of the database. Based on business needs and query frequency, select appropriate fields as indexes to avoid performance issues such as full table scans.

3.3 Control the size and duration of transactions
Controlling the size and duration of transactions within a reasonable range can reduce lock competition and waiting time and improve concurrency performance. Avoid the impact of long transactions and large transactions on database performance.

3.4 Reasonably set concurrency control parameters
According to business needs and system resources, reasonably set MySQL’s concurrency control parameters, such as the maximum number of connections, thread pool size, transaction isolation level, etc., to maximize concurrency performance.

3.5 Caching and distributed architecture
Using caching technology can reduce the frequency of access to the database and improve the performance and concurrency of the system. At the same time, the database adopts a distributed architecture, which can distribute the load to multiple servers and improve the scalability and fault tolerance of the system.

4. Practical Case
   Taking the e-commerce website as an example, we can use MVCC to achieve high concurrent access. By splitting product information, order information, user information and other data into different tables, and setting indexes appropriately according to business needs, the concurrency performance of the database can be improved. At the same time, the use of caching technology and distributed architecture can reduce the load on the database and improve the availability and scalability of the system.
5. Conclusion
   By using MySQL’s multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) mechanism, we can achieve a database design with high concurrent access. Properly splitting tables, using indexes, controlling the size and duration of transactions, properly setting concurrency control parameters, and using cache and distributed architecture are all effective ways to improve the concurrency of the database. In practice, choosing appropriate strategies and solutions based on specific business needs and system resources is the key to achieving high concurrent access.

References:

1. Xu Rong. Application of asynchronous routing algorithm in MySQL high-performance concurrent environment [J]. Information Technology, 2020, 39(04): 287-288, 291.
2. Sun Xiaoliang. Research on MySQL concurrency control and its application[J]. Information Construction, 2021, 04(04): 160-161, 163.

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