PHP coding practice: how to implement the multi-specification SKU function of products

PHP Coding Practice: How to realize the multi-specification SKU function of products

In e-commerce websites, the multi-specification SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) function of products is very common need. Through multi-specification SKUs, we can easily manage different attributes of goods, such as size, color, capacity, etc., and implement inventory management and price calculation for different attribute combinations. This article will introduce how to use PHP to implement the multi-specification SKU function of products, and come with relevant code examples.

1. Database design

First of all, we need to design a database table to store multi-specification information of products. The following is a simple database table design example:

CREATE TABLE `products` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `price` decimal(10,2) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

CREATE TABLE `product_variants` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `product_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `attribute_1` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `attribute_2` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `attribute_3` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `sku` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
  `stock` int(11) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  KEY `product_id` (`product_id`)
);

Among them, the products table is used to store the basic information of the product, such as product name and price; the product_variants table is used Used to store multi-specification information of products, such as attribute names and values, SKU codes and inventory quantities.

2. Data model and business logic

In PHP, we can use object-relational mapping (ORM) tools to manage database tables and business logic. Below is a simplified data model and business logic example:

// 定义商品模型类
class Product extends IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel {
  // 定义与多规格SKU的关联关系
  public function variants() {
    return $this->hasMany('ProductVariant');
  }
}

// 定义多规格SKU模型类
class ProductVariant extends IlluminateDatabaseEloquentModel {
  // 定义与商品的关联关系
  public function product() {
    return $this->belongsTo('Product');
  }
}

In the above example, we used the Eloquent ORM of the Laravel framework. By defining model classes and relationships, we can easily operate database tables and implement business logic.

3. Display the multi-specification SKU information of the product

Next, we need to display the multi-specification SKU information of the product on the front-end page. The following is a simple code example:

<!-- 商品详情页面 -->
<h1>{{ $product->name }}</h1>
<p>价格：{{ $product->price }}</p>

<!-- 多规格SKU信息 -->
<h2>多规格SKU</h2>
@foreach ($product->variants as $variant)
  <p>属性1：{{ $variant->attribute_1 }}</p>
  <p>属性2：{{ $variant->attribute_2 }}</p>
  <p>属性3：{{ $variant->attribute_3 }}</p>
  <p>SKU：{{ $variant->sku }}</p>
  <p>库存：{{ $variant->stock }}</p>
@endforeach

In the above example, we use the template engine of the Laravel framework to loop through the multi-specification SKU information of the product and display it on the page.

4. Calculate the price based on multi-specification SKU

Finally, we need to calculate the price of the product based on the selected multi-specification SKU. The following is a simple code example:

// 定义商品控制器类
class ProductController extends IlluminateRoutingController {
  public function calculatePrice(Request $request) {
    $product = Product::find($request->input('product_id'));
    $variant = ProductVariant::find($request->input('variant_id'));
    $price = $product->price + $variant->price;
    return response()->json(['price' => $price]);
  }
}

In the above example, we can obtain the corresponding price through the selected product and multi-specification SKU, and return the response data in JSON format.

Summary:

This article introduces how to use PHP to implement the multi-specification SKU function of products, and provides relevant database design, data model and business logic, front-end display and code examples for price calculation. Through reasonable database design and business logic implementation, we can easily manage the multi-specification attributes of products and implement corresponding functions. I hope this article can provide you with some reference and help when implementing the multi-specification SKU function of products.

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