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How to configure Nginx in Docker to proxy web service?

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Sep 05, 2023 am 10:33 AM

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How to configure Nginx in Docker to proxy web service?

How to configure Nginx in Docker to proxy web services?

With the rapid development of container technology, Docker has become one of the most commonly used containerization platforms. As a high-performance web server and reverse proxy server, Nginx is also widely used in the deployment of various web services. This article will introduce how to configure Nginx in Docker to proxy web services and provide corresponding code examples.

Create a simple Web application

First, we need to create a simple Web application as a demonstration. In the root directory of the project, create a new file named index.html and add the following content to the file:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Web App</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1 id="Hello-Docker">Hello, Docker!</h1>
  </body>
</html>

The above content is a simple HTML page that displays a page titled "Hello, Docker! " h1 tag.

Create Dockerfile

Next, we need to create a Dockerfile to build our application image. In the root directory of the project, create a file named Dockerfile and add the following content to the file:

# 使用nginx作为基础镜像
FROM nginx

# 将index.html复制到Nginx的默认网站目录
COPY index.html /usr/share/nginx/html

# 将Nginx的默认配置文件替换为自定义的配置文件
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

The above Dockerfile uses nginx as the base image and copies index.html to Nginx The default website directory. At the same time, the default configuration file of Nginx is replaced with the customized configuration file nginx.conf.

Create Nginx configuration file

In the root directory of the project, create a file named nginx.conf and add the following content to the file:

worker_processes 1;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}

http {
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name localhost;

        location / {
            root /usr/share/nginx/html;
            index index.html;
        }
    }
}

The above content is a simple Nginx configuration file, which defines an HTTP service listening on port 80, proxying all requests to the /usr/share/nginx/html directory, and using index.html as the default index document.

Building and running Docker containers

With the Dockerfile and Nginx configuration file, we can build and run Docker containers. In the terminal, enter the root directory of the project and execute the following command:

# 构建Docker镜像
docker build -t web-app .

# 运行Docker容器，并将容器的80端口映射到本地的8080端口
docker run -p 8080:80 web-app

In the above command, we used the -d parameter to run the container in the background and map the container's port 80 to the local port 8080 .

Accessing the Web Application

Now, we can access our Web application through the browser. Open any browser and enter the following URL:

http://localhost:8080

If all goes well, you will see a page with a "Hello, Docker!" title.

Through the above steps, we successfully configured Nginx in Docker to proxy the web service. Through the flexibility of Docker and the high performance of Nginx, we can deploy and manage our web applications more easily. In actual projects, you can further configure Nginx as needed, such as adding SSL certificates, setting cache, etc.

I hope this article can help you understand how to configure Nginx in Docker to proxy web services.

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