We can convert string to floating point number using parseFloat() function or Number() constructor in JavaScript. Other methods are also available, such as using the operator, eval() and parseInt() methods. Converting a string to a float is a typical operation in JavaScript. This is required when working with numbers represented as strings, such as when reading data from an input field or a CSV file. In this article, we will learn these methods in detail.
Conversion method
In JavaScript, there are multiple ways to convert a string to a floating point number. The most common methods are the parseFloat() function and Number() constructor.
parseFloat() function
The parseFloat function is a tool in JavaScript that helps convert strings into numbers with decimals. You give it a word or sentence and it returns a number. It's easy to use and built into JavaScript.
grammar
The syntax of the parseFloat() function is as follows -
parseFloat(string)
Example
The following is an example of how to use the parseFloat() function -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
let string = "3.14";
let float = parseFloat(string);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = float;
//output:3.14
</script>
</body>
</html>
Although the parseFloat() function can easily convert strings to floating point numbers, it has some limitations. This function only converts the first part of the string (a valid floating point number). If the floating point number in the string is followed by any non-numeric characters, the function ignores them.
Number() constructor
JavaScript includes a built-in function called Number(), which provides another way to convert a number represented by a string into a floating point number. It returns the equivalent floating point representation of the string sent as input. The Number() function provides a more flexible method of converting strings to floating-point numbers than the parseFloat() function, and it can handle type conversions for a wider variety of data types, including integers and other numeric types.
grammar
The syntax of the Number() constructor is as follows -
new Number(string)
Example
The following is an example of how to use the Number() constructor -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
let string = "3.114";
let float = new Number(string);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = float; //output:3.114
</script>
</body>
</html>
Although the Number() function is useful for converting strings to floating point numbers, it has some limitations. This function has lower performance than the parseFloat() function and should not be used.
Other methods
There are other ways to convert strings to floats in JavaScript. These methods include using the operator, parseInt() function, and eval() function.
Operator
operator is a simple tool that helps you change words into numbers using floating point numbers as input. Just give it a word that represents a number and it will convert it to a number type called a float. This tool is useful, but it only works with words that are actually numbers. It cannot change words that do not represent numbers.
grammar
The syntax of the operator is as follows -
+string
Example
The following is an example of how to use the operator -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
let string = "3.4";
let float = +string;
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = float; //output:3.4
</script>
</body>
</html>
parseInt() function
parseInt() built-in JavaScript function converts text to an integer or an integer. The parseInt() method accepts a string as input and outputs an integer value. To convert a string to a floating point number, use the ParseInt() function and pass base 10 as an additional argument. Let's look at an example to help us understand.
grammar
The syntax of the parseInt() function is as follows -
parseInt(string, radix)
Example
The following is an example of how to use the parseInt() function to convert a string to a floating point number -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
let string = "3.4";
let float = parseInt(string, 10);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = float; //output:3
</script>
</body>
</html>
eval() function
Theeval() method is a JavaScript built-in function that evaluates a string into a JavaScript expression. It accepts a string as argument and returns the result, just like the parseInt() function. Converting text to floating point numbers is a common use case for eval(). You can do this by passing a string representing a floating point number as an argument to eval(). Afterwards, the function evaluates the expression and returns a floating point value. Overall, eval() is a useful function for running dynamic code, but should be used with caution to avoid security issues.
grammar
The syntax of the eval() function is as follows -
eval(string)
Example
The following is an example of how to use the eval() function to convert a string to a floating point number -
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
let string = "3.456";
let float = eval(string);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = float; //output:3.456
</script>
</body>
</html>
Please note that the eval() function is considered a dangerous function because it can execute any JavaScript code passed to it and may cause security risks if used improperly. Therefore, it is not recommended to use the eval() function to convert a string to a floating point number.
in conclusion
In this blog, we discussed various types of methods to convert strings to numbers. The most common methods are the parseFloat() function and Number() constructor. However, the operator, parseInt() function, and eval() function can also be used to convert strings to floating-point numbers. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the best method to use will depend on the specific scenario. Developers should understand the limitations of each method and use them accordingly.
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