Converter station wireless IoT network lays a "digital road" for new power systems

Driven by the "double carbon" goal, my country's power grid is also accelerating its evolution from the traditional power system of "source follows load" to a new power system with four-dimensional interaction of "source, grid, load and storage". Faced with the urgent need for the development of power digitalization, major domestic power companies have set new development goals to promote the transformation and upgrading of the power grid to agile innovation and efficient operations. Among them, the converter station, as the crown jewel in the field of power transformation, is the "highland" of State Grid's technology and assets, and is also the core of State Grid's digital transformation.

Power digital upgrade

Need to lay a solid foundation for the network

In recent years, my country's power infrastructure has maintained moderately advanced development and accelerated the transformation of the power system to adapt to large-scale and high-proportion new energy. In the process of digital development, the ultimate goal of digital transformation of the power system is to ensure efficient and stable operation of the power system. However, during this process, the operation and inspection of converter stations is faced with insufficient intelligence in fault prediction, insufficient linkage of auxiliary systems, and emergency response. There are many new challenges such as the improvement of the disposal linkage effect; at the same time, some equipment maintenance and daily inspections are still mainly manual, and the coverage of intelligent inspections is low. Against this background, building a safe and reliable wireless network to support the development of digital applications such as smart inspections and safety operations in converter stations is undoubtedly an important link in supporting the digital transformation of the power system.

Compared with the traditional wireless network solution, the wireless IoT network of the converter station sinks through the optical fiber, extending the optical fiber from the communication room to the converter transformer square, AC and DC filter field, valve hall, main control building and other areas, It can realize that one network can carry broadband services such as digital mobile operations, intelligent patrols, security, and video within the site, and is also compatible with narrowband business access such as IoT sensing and equipment online monitoring. In network deployment, operation and maintenance costs , has significant advantages in terms of service life.

All-optical network “smart” upgrade

Building a wireless “highway”

In order to support the demands of "large bandwidth, mobility, and wide connectivity" for new services such as mobile operations within the site, intelligent inspection, and online equipment monitoring, Huawei has used WAPI wireless networks covering the entire site and The station passive optical network POL (Passive Optical LAN) helps the converter station build an innovative wireless IoT network solution covering the entire station, and builds a digital information "highway" for the UHV converter station.

WAPI wireless large bandwidth helps secure transmission of IoT networks

The WAPI network construction scope includes WAPI AP, access controller, authentication server and network management node, which can provide services with the characteristics of "big broadband, mobility, big connection" such as converter station mobile operations and intelligent inspection. Large broadband wireless network access service. Among them, in the wireless transmission link, WAPI implements broadband wireless service access authentication and national secret algorithm encryption. It uses the elliptic curve cryptography algorithm based on the public key cryptography system and the block cipher algorithm of the symmetric cryptography system, which are respectively used for wireless devices. Digital certificates, certificate authentication, key negotiation and encryption and decryption of transmitted data to achieve device identity authentication, link authentication, access control and encryption protection of user information.

In addition to network security, the WAPI network ensures high-reliability transmission of air interface data based on the dual-send and selective-receive function. The CPE equipment on the inspection robot and the 2.4G and 5G radio frequencies of the AP simultaneously establish a wireless link to send double copies. Business data is deduplicated and reorganized on WAC. During the roaming process of the mobile robot, the CPE can control the dual radio frequencies to not roam at the same time. In this way, there is always a link in a stable connection state, the robot roams with "0" packet loss, and the network reliability is greatly improved.

The WAPI network also has excellent performance in signal coverage. The indoor AP has a built-in smart antenna. The smart antenna consists of multiple antennas to form an antenna array. According to the smart antenna algorithm, some of the antenna arrays are selected for signal transmission and reception. Different antennas The combination can form different signal radiation directions, so the signal coverage direction can be flexibly and dynamically adjusted according to the user's access direction, allowing the signal to follow the user. It can also focus signals in multiple directions into one direction, bringing stronger The ability to penetrate obstacles and extend the signal coverage distance. Compared with traditional omnidirectional antennas, smart antennas can cover Wi-Fi signals 20% farther and reduce signal interference by 15%.

POL is compatible with narrowband access and precise timing, helping IoT network security management and control

Huawei uses POL passive optical network technology to build a unified IoT convergence network within the converter station. The construction scope includes IoT convergence nodes, optical networks and optical line terminals. Among them, the IoT convergence node serves as the unified entrance gateway for the IoT convergence network in the site. In addition to having the ability to access broadband wireless APs, it also has the ability to access narrowband wireless APs and wired sensing devices. In addition, the wireless IoT network of the converter station has considered the network construction requirements of the future IoT monitoring system in advance during network planning, so that subsequent IoT services can be quickly launched.

It is particularly worth mentioning that the IoT convergence node supports the IEEE 1588v2 precise time transmission protocol, which can achieve sub-microsecond precision time synchronization and meet the clock consistency requirements of the entire network of IoT information. At the same time, SDH-like TDM time division multiplexing multi-service isolation technology based on the communication layer flexible optical service unit will help existing networks form IoT, video, and wireless private networks, and strengthen information network security management and control capabilities.

To date, Huawei's converter station wireless IoT network has been successfully deployed in multiple ±800kV DC converter stations of the State Grid in Shandong and Henan and has completed multi-service bearers, assisting the State Grid's digital converter stations and digital on-site operations. The construction of digital applications such as applications and emergency fire protection applications is accelerating, and the digital information "highway" built by the wireless IoT network of converter stations undoubtedly provides a solid network foundation for the digital construction of converter stations.

Looking to the future, relying on the ICT infrastructure and digital technology advantages of end-pipe-cloud collaboration, Huawei will further accelerate the construction of a symbiotic, co-created, and shared digital ecosystem. Under the guidance of the "double carbon" goal, Huawei will also join forces with the State Grid to create more smart solutions to help accelerate the digital breakthrough of the power industry, jointly create new value for the industry, and pave the "digital road" for building a new power system.

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