The importance and impact of PHP writing standards: improving code readability and maintainability

The importance and impact of PHP writing standards: improving code readability and maintainability

Introduction:

PHP is a widely used A server-side scripting language for developing web applications. In large software development teams, writing specifications is very important because it improves the readability and maintainability of the code. This article will explore the importance of writing conventions in PHP and illustrate its impact with some code examples.

1. Improve the readability of the code:

1.1 Naming convention

In PHP writing specifications, good naming conventions are very important. Variables, functions, and classes should be named clearly, meaningfully, and in compliance with naming conventions. Well-named code accurately expresses its purpose, making it easier for other developers to understand and use it.

Sample code:

// Bad
$a = 10; // 什么是a，它表示什么含义？
function f1($p1, $p2) { // p1和p2分别代表什么？
   // code here
}

// Good
$age = 10; // 年龄
function calculateTotalPrice($quantity, $price) { // 计算总价
   // code here
}

1.2 Comment specifications

Appropriate comments can make the code easier to understand. In the writing specification, the usage scenarios and format of comments need to be clearly specified to ensure the readability of the code. For example, comment the function's purpose, parameter description, return value and other information at the beginning of the function.

Sample code:

/**
 * 计算两个数的和
 * @param int $num1 第一个数
 * @param int $num2 第二个数
 * @return int 两个数的和
 */
function add($num1, $num2) {
   return $num1 + $num2;
}

1.3 Indentation and formatting

In writing specifications, the indentation and formatting styles should be unified to improve the readability of the code. . Code should be clearly indented, and spaces and newlines should be added appropriately to make its structure clearer.

Sample code:

// Bad
if($condition){
$name='John';
$age=25;} 
else{
$name='Jane';
$age=30;
}

// Good
if ($condition) {
   $name = 'John';
   $age = 25;
} else {
   $name = 'Jane';
   $age = 30;
}

2. Improve the maintainability of the code:

2.1 Function and method specifications

In writing specifications, functions should be standardized and method writing style. A good function should have a single responsibility, and the function body should be concise and clear. If a function is too complex, consider splitting it into multiple smaller functions to make the code more maintainable.

Sample code:

// Bad
function calculateTotalPrice($quantity, $price) {
   for ($i = 0; $i < $quantity; $i++) {
      $total += $price;
   }
   return $total;
}

// Good
function calculateTotalPrice($quantity, $price) {
   return $quantity * $price;
}

2.2 Avoid using global variables

Global variables can easily lead to code confusion and difficulty in maintenance. In writing conventions, you should limit the use of global variables and avoid using them as much as possible. It is recommended to use parameter passing, return value or local variables to transfer and use data.

Sample code:

// Bad
$counter = 0;

function incrementCounter() {
   global $counter;
   $counter++;
}

// Good
function incrementCounter($counter) {
   return $counter + 1;
}

Conclusion:

PHP writing specifications have an important impact on the readability and maintainability of the code. Through good naming, appropriate comments, and consistent indentation and formatting styles, the code can be made easier to understand and maintain. In addition, code maintainability can also be improved by standardizing the writing style of functions and methods and avoiding the use of global variables. Therefore, it is very necessary to formulate and adhere to PHP writing standards.

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