Detailed interpretation of the installation and configuration guide for setting up Nginx server

Detailed interpretation of the installation and configuration guide for building a server with Nginx

Nginx is a high-performance web server software that can significantly improve the website through its reverse proxy, load balancing and static resource caching functions. concurrent processing capabilities and access speed. This article will explain in detail how to install and configure the Nginx server, and come with corresponding code examples to help readers get started quickly.

1. Install Nginx

First, we need to install Nginx software on the server. The following is the command to install Nginx on the Ubuntu system:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx

After the installation is completed, you can verify whether Nginx is successfully installed by using the following command:

nginx -v

2. Configure Nginx server

2.1. Basic configuration

The main configuration file of Nginx is located in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf. We can configure the basic settings of the server by editing this file. Here is a simple Nginx configuration example:

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections 16384;
}

http {
    include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

    sendfile on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    keepalive_timeout 65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name example.com;
        root /var/www/html;

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
        }
    }
}

In this example, we specify the number of users and processes used by Nginx, and set some performance and connection-related parameters. worker_connectionsIndicates the maximum number of connections between each worker process and the client. access_log and error_log set the storage path and file name of the access log and error log respectively.

2.2. Virtual host configuration

Virtual host refers to managing multiple websites through different configurations on one physical host. Nginx implements virtual host configuration by defining multiple server blocks in the configuration file. The following is an example of virtual host configuration:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    root /var/www/example.com;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name another-example.com;
    root /var/www/another-example.com;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
}

In this example, we define two virtual hosts, corresponding to different domain names. The configuration of each virtual host is independent of each other. The corresponding domain name is specified by server_name, and the root directory of the website file is specified by root.

3. Common Nginx commands and operations

After installing and configuring Nginx, we also need to know some common commands and operations to manage and operate the Nginx server.

• Start Nginx: sudo service nginx start
• Stop Nginx: sudo service nginx stop
• Restart Nginx: sudo service nginx restart
• Reload the configuration file: sudo service nginx reload
• View Nginx status: sudo service nginx status
• Check the configuration file for syntax errors: sudo nginx -t

In addition to commonly used commands, Nginx also provides some other functions and features. Such as URL rewriting, SSL certificate configuration, Gzip compression, etc. Readers can further study and use it according to their own needs.

Summary:

This article explains in detail how to install and configure the Nginx server, and comes with corresponding code examples. Through learning and practice, readers can quickly get started using Nginx and further configure and optimize it according to their own needs. I hope this article can be helpful to readers when setting up and configuring the Nginx server.

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