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How to implement the core functions of Java back-end function development?

王林Original: 2023-08-05 12:53:12955browse

With the rapid development of Internet technology, Java, as an efficient, stable, safe and easy-to-maintain programming language, has become the mainstream choice for back-end development. The core functions of Java back-end development include request processing, database operations, log management, exception handling, etc. Below, we will introduce these core functions in detail and give corresponding code examples.

Request processing

In Java back-end development, receiving and processing requests is the foundation of the foundation. Requests can be handled using Servlet or Spring MVC framework. The following is a simple Servlet example:

@WebServlet("/hello")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.println("<html><body>");
        out.println("<h1>Hello, World!</h1>");
        out.println("</body></html>");
    }
}

In the above code, we created a HelloServlet class inherited from HttpServlet, and specified the URL path to be processed through the @WebServlet annotation. In the doGet method, we set the response Content-Type to text/html and use PrintWriter to output the HTML page.

Database Operation

Interaction with the database is a very important part of Java back-end development. You can use JDBC or ORM framework (such as Hibernate, MyBatis, etc.) for database operations. The following is an example of using JDBC for database query:

public class DatabaseConnection {
    private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
    private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
    private static final String USERNAME = "root";
    private static final String PASSWORD = "123456";

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        try {
            Class.forName(DRIVER);
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, USERNAME, PASSWORD);
            stmt = conn.createStatement();
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM users";
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
            
            while (rs.next()) {
                int id = rs.getInt("id");
                String name = rs.getString("name");
                System.out.println("ID: " + id + ", Name: " + name);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (rs != null) rs.close();
                if (stmt != null) stmt.close();
                if (conn != null) conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

In the above code, we use JDBC to connect to the MySQL database and execute the SELECT statement to query the data. In the try-catch-finally block, we release the relevant resources.

Log management

Log management is a very important part of Java back-end development. By recording and analyzing logs, you can track the operating status of the system and troubleshoot problems. You can use log management frameworks such as Log4j and Slf4j to record logs. The following is an example of using Slf4j for logging:

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class HelloWorld {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        logger.info("Hello, World!");
    }
}

In the above code, we use LoggerFactory to obtain a Logger instance and call its info method to record log information.

Exception handling

In Java back-end development, exception handling is an essential part. Through reasonable exception handling, the stability and reliability of the system can be improved. In your code, use try-catch blocks to catch and handle exceptions. The following is a simple exception handling example:

public class Division {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 0;
        try {
            int result = a / b;
            System.out.println("Result: " + result);
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
            System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

In the above code, we try to divide by 0. Since 0 cannot be used as a divisor, an ArithmeticException will be thrown. In the catch block, we catch and handle the exception and output the corresponding error message.

Above, we introduced the core functions of Java back-end development and gave corresponding code examples. Hope this helps.

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