How to use Linux for disk IO performance tuning

How to use Linux to tune disk IO performance

When using Linux system to tune disk IO performance, you can improve the performance of the disk by optimizing the file system, adjusting the IO scheduler, and properly configuring RAID. IO performance. This article describes these methods and provides corresponding code examples.

1. Optimize the file system

1. Use ext4 file system

ext4 is one of the most commonly used file systems on Linux systems. It has a high performance and stability. You can improve disk IO performance by formatting the file system as ext4.

Sample code:

# umount /dev/sdb1
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
# mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt

2. Enable ext4 log writing method

ext4 supports two log writing methods: data=ordered and data=writeback . Among them, in data=writeback mode, data writing latency is lower and performance is higher. You can use the following method to modify:

Sample code:

# tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sdb1

2. Adjust the IO scheduler

The default IO scheduler of the Linux system is CFQ (Completely Fair Queuing), which Try to achieve fair distribution according to the order of the process's IO requests. However, in some high-load scenarios, disk IO performance may be degraded. Therefore, you can try to use more suitable IO schedulers, such as noop, deadline and cfq.

1. Using the noop scheduler

The noop scheduler does not have any scheduling algorithm and just processes requests in the order they are requested. Suitable for high-performance SSD disks or RAID cards, you can modify the IO scheduler through the following command:

Sample code:

# echo noop > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler

2. Use the deadline scheduler

## The #deadline scheduler divides IO requests into two queues: the IO request queue submitted by the process and the IO merge request queue issued by the kernel. Suitable for RAID devices and more common hard drives.

Sample code:

# echo deadline > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler

Use cfq scheduler

The cfq scheduler evenly allocates IO resources among various processes, suitable for multi-tasking scenarios . You can use the following command to modify the IO scheduler:

Sample code:

# echo cfq > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler

3. Properly configure RAID

For application scenarios that require higher disk IO performance, you can consider using RAID technology. RAID combines multiple hard disks into a logical disk to improve IO performance and reliability through data distribution and redundancy technology.

Sample code:

Create RAID device

1. # mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=5 --raid-devices=3 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1

Format RAID device

2. # mkfs.ext4 /dev/md0

Mount RAID device

3. # mount -t ext4 /dev/md0 /mnt

4. Monitor disk IO performance

Finally, understanding the performance of disk IO is the key to tuning. You can use tools such as iostat, sar, etc. to monitor disk IO read and write performance and other indicators.

Sample code:

# iostat -x 1

The above is how to use Linux to optimize disk IO performance. By optimizing the file system, adjusting the IO scheduler and properly configuring RAID, you can improve the performance of the disk. IO performance. At the same time, monitoring disk IO performance can help us evaluate the tuning effect. I hope the content of this article is helpful to you.

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