How to use Linux for CPU performance tuning

How to use Linux for CPU performance tuning

Introduction:
With the continuous development of computer technology, CPU performance tuning has become the focus of many system administrators and developers. The Linux operating system provides powerful tools and commands to help us tune CPU performance. This article will introduce several common methods and techniques and provide corresponding code examples.

1. View CPU information

Before starting CPU performance tuning, we first need to understand the CPU information in the current system. We can view the CPU model, core number, frequency and other information through the following command:

cat /proc/cpuinfo

This command will output the detailed information of the CPU, as shown in the figure:

processor   : 0
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 158
model name  : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7700HQ CPU @ 2.80GHz
stepping    : 9
microcode   : 0x8e
cpu MHz     : 1440.000
cache size  : 6144 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 22
wp      : yes

By analyzing this information , we can learn that the CPU in this system has four cores, eight threads, and a frequency of 2.80GHz.

2. Adjust the CPU scheduling strategy

Linux uses the CFS (C Completely Fair Scheduler) scheduling algorithm by default, which will fairly allocate CPU time to each process. But in some specific scenarios, we may need to adjust the CPU scheduling strategy to optimize performance.

1. View the current CPU scheduling policy:

cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor

This command will output the current scheduling policy of each CPU core, usually it should be 'ondemand' or 'powersave' .

2. Modify the CPU scheduling policy to 'performance':

echo performance | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor

This command will modify the CPU scheduling policy to 'performance' mode, which will make the CPU always work in highest frequency for maximum performance.

3. Limit CPU resources

In some situations, we need to limit the CPU resources of a certain process or process group in the system to prevent a certain process from occupying too much CPU resources and affect other processes.

1. Use the cpulimit command to limit the CPU usage of the process:

sudo apt-get install cpulimit
cpulimit -l 50 -p <PID>

The above command will limit the CPU usage of the process to 50%. PID needs to be replaced with the process ID of the process you want to restrict.

4. Use performance analysis tools

For complex applications, we can use performance analysis tools to conduct in-depth analysis of CPU performance bottlenecks.

1. Use the perf tool:

perf is a performance analysis tool provided by the Linux kernel, which can be used to perform statistical analysis on CPU performance.

sudo apt-get install linux-tools-common # 安装perf工具
sudo perf top # 执行性能分析

Use the perf top command to view the processes and function calls that currently occupy high CPU resources in the system.

In addition, there are some other performance analysis tools, such as gprof, oprofile, etc. Readers can choose the appropriate tool to use according to actual needs.

Conclusion:
This article introduces how to use Linux for CPU performance tuning. I hope readers can improve the performance of the system through these methods and techniques. In the actual tuning process, it is also necessary to formulate specific tuning strategies based on specific situations and needs, and use the tools and commands provided by the system for monitoring and optimization. Only through continuous practice and debugging can the best performance tuning results be achieved.

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