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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP Tutorialphp正则表达匹配中文问题分析小结_PHP

复制代码 代码如下:
$str = '中华人民共和国123456789abcdefg';
echo preg_match("/^[u4e00-u9fa5_a-zA-Z0-9]{3,15}$",$strName);

运行一下上面这段代码,看会有什么提示信息?

Warning: preg_match(): Compilation failed: PCRE does not support L, l, N, P, p, U, u, or X at offset 3 in F:wwwrootphptest.php on line 2
原来,PHP正则表达式中不支持下列 Perl 转义序列:L, l, N, P, p, U, u, or X

在 UTF-8 模式下,允许用“x{...}”,花括号中的内容是表示十六进制数字的字符串。

原来的十六进制转义序列 xhh 如果其值大于 127 的话则匹配了一个双字节 UTF-8 字符。
所以,
可以这样来解决
复制代码 代码如下:
preg_match("/^[x80-xff_a-zA-Z0-9]{3,15}$",$strName);
preg_match('/[x{2460}-x{2468}]/u', $str);


匹配 内码汉字
按照他提供的方式进行测试,代码如下:

复制代码 代码如下:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[x{2460}-x{2468}]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}


发现这次依然对是否为中文判断失常。不过,既然x表示的十六进制数据,为什么和js里边提供的范围x4e00-x9fa5不一样呢?于是我就换成了下边的代码:

复制代码 代码如下:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[x4e00-x9fa5]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}


本来以为铁定成功了的事情,没想到,warning又一次产生了:
Warning: preg_match() [function.preg-match]: Compilation failed: invalid UTF-8 string at offset 6 in test.php on line 3

看来又有错误的表达方式了,于是对照了一下那篇文章的表达方式,给“4e00”和“9fa5”两边分别用"{"和“}”包起来,跑了一遍,发现真的准确了:

复制代码 代码如下:
$str = "php编程";
if (preg_match("/^[x{4e00}-x{9fa5}]+$/u",$str)) {
print("该字符串全部是中文");
} else {
print("该字符串不全部是中文");
}


知道了php中utf-8编码下用正则表达式匹配汉字的最终正确表达式——/^[x{4e00}-x{9fa5}]+$/u,

最后总结出

复制代码 代码如下:
//if (preg_match(“/^[".chr(0xa1)."-".chr(0xff)."]+$/”, $str)) { //只能在GB2312情况下使用
if (preg_match(“/^[x7f-xff]+$/”, $str)) { //兼容gb2312,utf-8
echo “正确输入”;
} else {
echo “错误输入”;
}


双字节字符编码范围

1. GBK (GB2312/GB18030)
x00-xff GBK双字节编码范围
x20-x7f ASCII
xa1-xff 中文 gb2312
x80-xff 中文 gbk

2. UTF-8 (Unicode)

u4e00-u9fa5 (中文)
x3130-x318F (韩文
xAC00-xD7A3 (韩文)
u0800-u4e00 (日文)
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