How to use Vue for server-side rendering and SEO optimization

How to use Vue for server-side rendering and SEO optimization

Introduction:
As the separation of front-end and back-end becomes more and more popular, Vue, as a popular JavaScript framework, is widely used in front-end development. However, since Vue's default approach is client-side rendering, this may cause some SEO (search engine optimization) related issues. In order to solve these problems, Vue introduced the concept of server-side rendering (SSR). This article will introduce in detail how to use Vue for server-side rendering and SEO optimization.

1. The concept and advantages of server-side rendering (SSR)

1. What is server-side rendering?
   Server Side Rendering (SSR) refers to rendering the HTML string of the Vue application directly on the server side and returning it to the client, instead of just returning an empty HTML file and then dynamically rendering it through the client. Generate page content.
2. Advantages of server-side rendering
3. Support search engine crawling: Since search engine crawlers mainly parse based on HTML content, the complete HTML page can be returned to the search engine through server-side rendering. , conducive to SEO optimization.
4. Accelerate the first screen loading time: Since server-side rendering directly returns the rendered page, the user only needs to wait for the final content to load, which greatly reduces the first screen loading time.
5. Better performance: By reducing the number and size of data transmitted between the front and back ends, server-side rendering can improve the overall response speed of the page and enhance the user experience.

2. Steps to use Vue for server-side rendering

1. Create a Vue project
   First, create a Vue project, which can be quickly built using the Vue CLI.

vue create ssr-app
cd ssr-app

2. Add server-side rendering support
   In the project root directory, install the vue-server-renderer package and create a server file.

npm install vue-server-renderer
mkdir server
touch server/index.js

In the server file server/index.js, introduce the required modules and create an Express server.

const express = require('express');
const { createBundleRenderer } = require('vue-server-renderer');
const server = express();

3. Configuring server-side rendering
   Next, we need to configure the parameters of server-side rendering. First, you need to import the Vue instance and project entry file, as well as a renderer function.

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
const serverBundle = require('../dist/server-bundle.json');
const clientManifest = require('../dist/client-manifest.json');
const template = fs.readFileSync(path.resolve(__dirname, '../public/index.html'), 'utf-8');
const renderer = createBundleRenderer(serverBundle, {
  runInNewContext: false, // 推荐
  template, // （可选）页面模板
  clientManifest // （可选）客户端构建 manifest
});

4. Handling routing requests
   The key to using server-side rendering is to process routing requests and return the rendering results to the client. In the server file, routes and corresponding handlers need to be defined.

server.get('*', (req, res) => {
  const context = { url: req.url };
  renderer.renderToString(context, (err, html) => {
    if (err) {
      if (err.code === 404) {
        res.status(404).end('Page not found');
      } else {
        res.status(500).end('Internal Server Error');
      }
    } else {
      res.end(html);
    }
  });
});

5. Start the server
   Finally, we need to start the server to listen for requests.

server.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server running');
});

3. SEO Optimization

1. Basic SEO Optimization
   On the basis of using server-side rendering, we can also take some additional measures to further optimize the SEO effect. .
2. Set meta tags appropriately: By adding meta tags to the page, including description, title and other meta information, you can help search engines better understand the content of the web page.
3. Create friendly URLs: Use meaningful URL structures, pay attention to the use of keywords and descriptive words, so that search engines and users can better understand the content of the page.
4. Using pre-rendering technology
   Pre-rendering refers to pre-rendering static pages during the build process and saving them to the server. This method uses the computing power of the server to generate static pages and directly returns them to the client when accessed, improving the loading speed of the first screen.

In the vue.config.js file of the Vue project, add the following configuration:

module.exports = {
  pages: {
    index: {
      entry: 'src/main.js',
      template: 'public/index.html',
      filename: 'index.html',
      prerender: true // 启用预渲染
    }
  }
}

When running npm run build , Vue's construction process will automatically pre-render and save the pre-rendered page to the server.

Conclusion:
By using Vue for server-side rendering and taking a series of SEO optimization measures, you can achieve better SEO effects, improve the website’s ranking in search engines, and also better Improve user experience. I hope this article can help front-end developers and be applied in projects.

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