How to use thinkorm to quickly migrate databases

How to use thinkorm to quickly perform database migration

Database migration is a common operation during the development process. It can help us create, modify and delete the table structure of the database through code, thereby simplifying database management and maintenance work. In this article, we will introduce how to use thinkorm to perform database migration quickly.

1. Install thinkorm

First, we need to install thinkorm in the local development environment. Open the command line tool and execute the following command:

pip install thinkorm

2. Create a database connection

Next, we need to create a database connection to communicate with the database. Create a file named db.py in our project and add the following code:

from thinkorm import Database

db = Database('数据库类型://用户名:密码@主机地址:端口/数据库名')

Please modify database type, user according to the actual situation Name, Password, Host address, Port and Database name and other parameters in order to correctly connect to your database.

3. Create the migration file

Now, we can start writing the database migration code. Create a file named migration.py in the project and add the following code:

from thinkorm import Migration

class CreateUsersTable(Migration):

    def up(self):
        self.create_table('users', [
            {'name': 'id', 'type': 'INT', 'primary_key': True},
            {'name': 'name', 'type': 'VARCHAR', 'length': 100},
            {'name': 'age', 'type': 'INT'},
            {'name': 'created_at', 'type': 'DATETIME'}
        ])

    def down(self):
        self.drop_table('users')

In the above code, we created a file named CreateUsersTable Migration class, which inherits from Migration class. In the up method, we use the create_table method to create a data table named users and specify the field name, data type and other attributes of the table. In the down method, we use the drop_table method to delete the users table.

4. Run migration

After completing the writing of the migration file, we can run the migration command to perform the database migration operation. Execute the following command in the command line tool:

python migration.py migrate

After successfully executing the above command, you will see output similar to the following:

Migrating up: CreateUsersTable...
Database table users created.

Migration completed successfully.

At this point, we have successfully created a file named # Data table of ##users. If we need to undo this operation, we can run the following command:

python migration.py rollback

After successfully executing the above command, you will see output information similar to the following:

Rolling back: CreateUsersTable...
Database table users dropped.

Rollback completed successfully.

5. Migration command customization (can be Optional)

If we need to customize the behavior of the migration command, we can pass additional parameters when writing the migration file. For example, we can specify the configuration of the database connection and the specific migration operations to be performed. Modify the

migration.py file as follows:

from thinkorm import Migration, Database

class CreateUsersTable(Migration):

    def __init__(self):
        self.db = Database('数据库类型://用户名:密码@主机地址:端口/数据库名')

    def up(self):
        self.db.connect()
        self.create_table('users', [
            {'name': 'id', 'type': 'INT', 'primary_key': True},
            {'name': 'name', 'type': 'VARCHAR', 'length': 100},
            {'name': 'age', 'type': 'INT'},
            {'name': 'created_at', 'type': 'DATETIME'}
        ])
        self.db.close()

    def down(self):
        self.db.connect()
        self.drop_table('users')
        self.db.close()

In the above code, we put the database connection configuration in the constructor of the migration class, through

self.db.connect () and self.db.close() methods to manually connect and close the database. In this way, we can customize the behavior of the migration command according to different needs.

Summary

This article introduces how to use thinkorm to quickly perform database migration operations. We achieved rapid creation, modification and deletion of the database table structure by installing thinkorm, creating a database connection, writing migration files and running migration commands. I hope this article will be helpful to you when doing database migration!

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