1. Scene introduction
## Circular scenes in life
Runway
##Fan
## Usage scenarios of loops in software development
When admitting a mistake, saying "I was wrong" ten thousand times will feel very troublesome and cumbersome.
print("我错了") print("我错了") print("我错了") ...(还有9997遍)...Use a loop statement to do it in one sentence.
i = 0 while i<10000: print("我错了") i+=1Generally, code that needs to be executed multiple times can be completed in a loop. Loops are not necessary, but in order to improve the reuse rate of code, experienced developers will use loops.
2. Introduction to common loops (while, for, break and continue)
while
##< ;1> Format of while loop
while 条件: 条件满足时,做的事情1 条件满足时,做的事情2 条件满足时,做的事情3 ...(省略)...
i = 0 while i<5: print("当前是第%d次执行循环"%(i+1)) print("i=%d"%i) i+=1
运行结果 :
当前是第1次执行循环 i=0 当前是第2次执行循环 i=1 当前是第3次执行循环 i=2 当前是第4次执行循环 i=3 当前是第5次执行循环 i=4
while循环应用
例:计算1~100的累积和(包含1和100)
#encoding=utf-8 i = 1 sum = 0 while i<=100: sum = sum + i i += 1 print("1~100的累积和为:%d"%sum)
运行结果:
while循环嵌套
while嵌套的格式 :
while 条件1: 条件1满足时,做的事情1 条件1满足时,做的事情2 条件1满足时,做的事情3 ...(省略)... while 条件2: 条件2满足时,做的事情1 条件2满足时,做的事情2 条件2满足时,做的事情3 ...(省略)...
例:九九乘法表
代码如下:
i = 1 while i<=9: j=1 while j<=i: print("%d*%d=%-2d "%(j,i,i*j),end='') j+=1 print('\n') i+=1
运行结果:
可以看到while循环可以轻松的实现,避免出现代码冗余的情况。
for
for循环介绍
像while循环一样,for可以完成循环的功能。
在Python中for循环可以遍历任何序列的项目,如一个列表或者一个字符串等。
for循环的格式
for 临时变量 in 列表或者字符串等: 循环满足条件时执行的代码
小项目
定义name变量,for循环打出以下结果。
name = 'dongGe' for x in name: print(x)
运行结果:
d o n g G e
总结:
1.while循环一般通过数值是否满足来确定循环的条件。
2.for循环一般是对能保存多个数据的变量,进行遍历。
break
break和for嵌套
带有break的循环示例如下:
name = 'dongGe' for x in name: print('----') if x == 'g': break print(x)
运行结果:
break和while循环嵌套
带有break的循环示例如下:
i = 0 while i<10: i = i+1 print('----') if i==5: break print(i)
小总结 :
break的作用:用来结束整个循环。
Continue
continue和for嵌套
带有continue的循环示例如下 :
name = 'dongGe' for x in name: print('----') if x == 'g': continue print(x)
运行结果:
continue和 while嵌套
带有continue的循环示例如下 :
i = 0 while i<10: i = i+1 print('----') if i==5: continue print(i)
运行结果 :
小总结 :
1. continue的作用:用来结束本次循环,紧接着执行下一次的循环。
2. break/continue只能用在循环中,除此以外不能单独使用。
3. break/continue在嵌套循环中,只对最近的一层循环起作用。
三、总结
本文以生活中的基础现象为切入点,主要介绍了Python基础中循环语句,对于每个循环的用法,以及循环之间相互嵌套使用,做了详细的讲解,用丰富的案例帮助大家更好理解。
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