How to use PHP functions to process the content format of sending and receiving emails?

How to use PHP functions to process the content format of sending and receiving emails?

Introduction:
In modern society, email has become one of the important communication tools for people. When using PHP to send and receive emails, we need to format the email content to ensure the readability and normal display of the email. This article will introduce how to use PHP functions to process content formats for sending and receiving emails, including text format, HTML format, and attachment processing.

1. Sending and receiving text format emails
For simple text emails, we can use the PHP function mail() to send them. When sending emails, we need to pay attention to the encoding format of the text to ensure that the email content can be displayed normally. The following is a simple sample code for sending text emails:

$to = "recipient@example.com";
$subject = "Testing email";
$message = "This is a test email.";

$headers = "From: sender@example.com
";
$headers .= "MIME-Version: 1.0
";
$headers .= "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
";

mail($to, $subject, $message, $headers);

When receiving text emails, we can use the PHP function imap_open() to connect to the mail server, and use the PHP function imap_fetchbody() to obtain the email content . The following is a simple sample code for receiving text emails:

$mailbox = imap_open("{mail.example.com:993/imap/ssl}INBOX", "username", "password");

$messageCount = imap_num_msg($mailbox);

for ($i = 1; $i <= $messageCount; $i++) {
    $header = imap_header($mailbox, $i);
    $subject = $header->subject;
    $fromAddress = $header->fromaddress;
    
    $message = imap_fetchbody($mailbox, $i, 1);
    
    // 处理邮件内容
    // ...
}

imap_close($mailbox);

2. Sending and receiving emails in HTML format
For emails containing HTML code, we can use third parties such as the PHP function mail() and PHPMailer Library to send. When sending HTML emails, we need to set the Content-Type of the email header to text/html and use the HTML code as the email content. The following is a sample code for using PHPMailer to send HTML emails:

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PHPMailerPHPMailerPHPMailer;
use PHPMailerPHPMailerException;

$mail = new PHPMailer(true);

try {
    // 邮件服务器配置
    $mail->isSMTP();
    $mail->Host = 'smtp.example.com';
    $mail->SMTPAuth = true;
    $mail->Username = 'username';
    $mail->Password = 'password';
    $mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';
    $mail->Port = 587;

    // 邮件内容配置
    $mail->setFrom('sender@example.com', 'Sender Name');
    $mail->addAddress('recipient@example.com', 'Recipient Name');
    $mail->Subject = 'Testing email';
    $mail->isHTML(true);
    $mail->Body = '<h1 id="This-is-a-test-email">This is a test email.</h1>';

    $mail->send();
    echo 'Email has been sent.';
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Email could not be sent. Error: ', $mail->ErrorInfo;
}

When receiving HTML emails, we can use the PHP function imap_fetchbody() to obtain the HTML code. The following is a simple sample code for receiving HTML emails:

$mailbox = imap_open("{mail.example.com:993/imap/ssl}INBOX", "username", "password");

$messageCount = imap_num_msg($mailbox);

for ($i = 1; $i <= $messageCount; $i++) {
    $header = imap_header($mailbox, $i);
    $subject = $header->subject;
    $fromAddress = $header->fromaddress;
    
    $message = imap_fetchbody($mailbox, $i, 2);
    
    // 处理邮件内容
    // ...
}

imap_close($mailbox);

3. Attachment processing
When sending and receiving emails, we often need to process attachments. For sending emails with attachments, we can use third-party libraries such as PHPMailer to build emails and add attachments. The following is a sample code that uses PHPMailer to send emails with attachments:

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use PHPMailerPHPMailerPHPMailer;
use PHPMailerPHPMailerException;

$mail = new PHPMailer(true);

try {
    // 邮件服务器配置
    $mail->isSMTP();
    $mail->Host = 'smtp.example.com';
    $mail->SMTPAuth = true;
    $mail->Username = 'username';
    $mail->Password = 'password';
    $mail->SMTPSecure = 'tls';
    $mail->Port = 587;

    // 邮件内容配置
    $mail->setFrom('sender@example.com', 'Sender Name');
    $mail->addAddress('recipient@example.com', 'Recipient Name');
    $mail->Subject = 'Testing email';
    $mail->isHTML(true);
    $mail->Body = '<h1 id="This-is-a-test-email">This is a test email.</h1>';
    
    // 添加附件
    $mail->addAttachment('/path/to/file.pdf');

    $mail->send();
    echo 'Email has been sent.';
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo 'Email could not be sent. Error: ', $mail->ErrorInfo;
}

When receiving attachments, we can use the PHP function imap_savebody() to save the attachment locally. The following is a simple sample code for receiving emails with attachments:

$mailbox = imap_open("{mail.example.com:993/imap/ssl}INBOX", "username", "password");

$messageCount = imap_num_msg($mailbox);

for ($i = 1; $i <= $messageCount; $i++) {
    $header = imap_header($mailbox, $i);
    $subject = $header->subject;
    $fromAddress = $header->fromaddress;
    
    $structure = imap_fetchstructure($mailbox, $i);
    
    // 遍历附件
    foreach ($structure->parts as $partNum => $part) {
        if ($part->ifdparameters) {
            foreach ($part->dparameters as $param) {
                if (strtolower($param->attribute) == 'filename') {
                    $attachmentName = $param->value;
                    $attachmentData = imap_fetchbody($mailbox, $i, $partNum+1);

                    // 保存附件到本地
                    file_put_contents($attachmentName, $attachmentData);

                    // 处理附件
                    // ...
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // 处理邮件内容
    // ...
}

imap_close($mailbox);

Conclusion:
By using PHP functions to process the content format of email sending and receiving, we can ensure the readability of the email content and normal display. Whether it is a text email, HTML email, or email with attachments, we can achieve these functions by using the appropriate PHP functions. I hope this article will help you understand how to use PHP functions to process the content format of sending and receiving emails.

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