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正则表达式

在PHP的官网上看到的parse_url()函数的替代方案。结果和parse_url()函数差不多,是使用正则实现的。URI 是 Web上可用的每种资源 - HTML文档、图像、视频片段、程序等 - 由一个通用资源标志符(Uniform Resource Identifier, 简称"URI")进行定位。 对象分组:
复制代码 代码如下:
^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?
12            3  4       

测试代码如下:
复制代码 代码如下:
$search = '~^(([^:/?#]+):)?(//([^/?#]*))?([^?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?~i';
$url = 'http://www.bitsCN.com/pub/ietf/uri/#Gonn';
$url = trim($url);
preg_match_all($search, $url ,$rr);
printf("

输出URL数据为:

%s
\n",var_export( $rr ,TRUE));

/*
各分组如下
      $1 = http:
      $2 = http
      $3 = //www.nowamagic.net
      $4 = www.nowamagic.net
      $5 = /pub/ietf/uri/
      $6 =
      $7 =
      $8 = #Gonn
      $9 = Gonn
*/
?>

上面的正则表达式可以获取URL中的任何一部分,下面的代码则简单一些:
复制代码 代码如下:
// 从 URL 中取得主机名
preg_match("/^(http:\/\/)?([^\/]+)/i", "http://www.bitsCN.com/index.html", $matches);
$host = $matches[2];
// 从主机名中取得后面两段
preg_match("/[^\.\/]+\.[^\.\/]+$/", $host, $matches);
echo "domain name is: {$matches[0]}\n";
?>

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