我们首先讨论password_hash()函数。这将用作创建一个新的密码的哈希值。它包含三个参数:密码、哈希算法、选项。前两项为必须的。你可以根据下面的例子来使用这个函数:
复制代码 代码如下:
$password = 'foo';
$hash = password_hash($password,PASSWORD_BCRYPT);
//$2y$10$uOegXJ09qznQsKvPfxr61uWjpJBxVDH2KGJQVnodzjnglhs2WTwHu
你将注意到我们并没有给这个哈希加任何选项。现在可用的选项被限定为两个: cost 和salt。妖添加选项你需要创建一个关联数组。
复制代码 代码如下:
$options = [ 'cost' => 10,
'salt' => mcrypt_create_iv(22, MCRYPT_DEV_URANDOM) ];
将选项添加到 password_hash() 函数后,我们的哈希值变了,这样更加安全。
复制代码 代码如下:
$hash = password_hash($password,PASSWORD_BCRYPT,$options);
//$2y$10$JDJ5JDEwJDhsTHV6SGVIQuprRHZnGQsUEtlk8Iem0okH6HPyCoo22
现在哈希创建完毕了,我们可以通过 password_get_info() 查看新建哈希值得相关信息。password_get_info() 需要一个参数——哈希值——并返回一个包含算法(所用哈希算法的整数代表形式)、算法名(所用哈希算法的可读名称)以及选项(我们用于创建哈希值得选项)的关联数组。
复制代码 代码如下:
var_dump(password_get_info($hash));
/*
array(3) {
["algo"]=>
int(1)
["algoName"]=>
string(6) "bcrypt"
["options"]=>
array(1) {
["cost"]=>
int(10)
}
}
*/
先一个被添加到 Password Hashing API 的是 password_needs_rehash(),它接受三个参数,hash、hash 算法以及选项,前两个是必填项。 password_needs_rehash()用来检查一个hash值是否是使用特定算法及选项创建的。这在你的数据库受损需要调整hash时非常有用。通过利用 password_needs_rehash() 检查每个hash值,我们可以看到已存的hash 值是否匹配新的参数, 仅影响那些使用旧参数创建的值。
最后,我们已经创建了我们的hash值,查阅了它如何被创建,查阅了它是否需要被重新hash,现在我们需要验证它。要验证纯文本到其hash值,我们必须使用 password_verify(),它需要两个参数,密码及hash值,并将返回 TRUE 或 FALSE。让我们检查一次我们获得的 hashed 看看是否正确。
复制代码 代码如下:
$authenticate = password_verify('foo','$2y$10$JDJ5JDEwJDhsTHV6SGVIQuprRHZnGQsUEtlk8Iem0okH6HPyCoo22');
//TRUE
$authenticate = password_verify('bar','$2y$10$JDJ5JDEwJDhsTHV6SGVIQuprRHZnGQsUEtlk8Iem0okH6HPyCoo22');
//FALSE

PHP is used to build dynamic websites, and its core functions include: 1. Generate dynamic content and generate web pages in real time by connecting with the database; 2. Process user interaction and form submissions, verify inputs and respond to operations; 3. Manage sessions and user authentication to provide a personalized experience; 4. Optimize performance and follow best practices to improve website efficiency and security.

PHP uses MySQLi and PDO extensions to interact in database operations and server-side logic processing, and processes server-side logic through functions such as session management. 1) Use MySQLi or PDO to connect to the database and execute SQL queries. 2) Handle HTTP requests and user status through session management and other functions. 3) Use transactions to ensure the atomicity of database operations. 4) Prevent SQL injection, use exception handling and closing connections for debugging. 5) Optimize performance through indexing and cache, write highly readable code and perform error handling.

Using preprocessing statements and PDO in PHP can effectively prevent SQL injection attacks. 1) Use PDO to connect to the database and set the error mode. 2) Create preprocessing statements through the prepare method and pass data using placeholders and execute methods. 3) Process query results and ensure the security and performance of the code.

PHP and Python have their own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice depends on project needs and personal preferences. 1.PHP is suitable for rapid development and maintenance of large-scale web applications. 2. Python dominates the field of data science and machine learning.

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP makes it easy to create interactive web content. 1) Dynamically generate content by embedding HTML and display it in real time based on user input or database data. 2) Process form submission and generate dynamic output to ensure that htmlspecialchars is used to prevent XSS. 3) Use MySQL to create a user registration system, and use password_hash and preprocessing statements to enhance security. Mastering these techniques will improve the efficiency of web development.

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP is still dynamic and still occupies an important position in the field of modern programming. 1) PHP's simplicity and powerful community support make it widely used in web development; 2) Its flexibility and stability make it outstanding in handling web forms, database operations and file processing; 3) PHP is constantly evolving and optimizing, suitable for beginners and experienced developers.


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