Configuration method for using CMake to build cross-platform programs on Linux

Configuration method for using CMake to build cross-platform programs on Linux

When developing cross-platform programs, an important tool is CMake. CMake is an open source cross-platform build tool that can automatically generate build files on various platforms. This article will introduce how to use CMake on Linux to configure and build cross-platform programs.

CMake installation
First, we need to install CMake. On most Linux distributions, CMake can be installed using a package manager. For example, on Ubuntu, you can install CMake using the following command:

sudo apt-get install cmake

If your Linux distribution does not include a package for CMake, you can download the source code from CMake's official website and follow the instructions in the official documentation Instructions for compilation and installation.

Create CMakeLists.txt file
Once CMake is installed, we can start writing the CMakeLists.txt file. The CMakeLists.txt file contains CMake configuration instructions, which are used to tell CMake how to build our program.

Create an empty text file, name it CMakeLists.txt, and enter the following content in the file:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)

project(MyProject)

# 添加源文件
add_executable(MyExecutable main.cpp)

# 设置可执行文件输出路径
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/bin)

The above configuration directive first specifies the minimum version of CMake we use. Then, through the project command, we specify the name of the project. In this example, we name the project MyProject.

Next, use the add_executable command to add source files. In this example, we add the main.cpp file to the executable. You can add more source files depending on your project.

Finally, use the set command to set the output path of the executable file. In this example, we output the executable file to a directory called bin.

Compile and build the project
After completing the writing of the CMakeLists.txt file, we can use CMake to compile and build our project.

First, create a directory named build and enter the directory:

mkdir build
cd build

Then, run the cmake command to generate the build file:

cmake ..

In this example, We generate the build file in the upper-level directory, so we use .. to represent the upper-level directory.

After running the cmake command, CMake will generate the corresponding build file based on the CMakeLists.txt file.

Finally, use the make command to compile and build the project:

make

The make command will perform compilation and linking operations and generate the final executable file.

Run the program
After compiling and building, we can run the generated executable file. In this example, our executable file is named MyExecutable.

The method of running the executable depends on the type and needs of your project. For example, if your executable is a command-line program, you can run it in the terminal:

./bin/MyExecutable

If your executable is a graphical interface program, you can start it through the graphical interface.

Summary
Through CMake, we can easily build cross-platform programs on Linux. We just need to write a simple CMakeLists.txt file and then use CMake to generate the build file. Then compile and build the project through the make command. This makes it easier to build and run programs on a variety of platforms. I hope this article helps you get started using CMake to build cross-platform programs.

The above is the configuration method for using CMake to build cross-platform programs on Linux. Hope this helps!

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