How to implement Springboot's own thread pool

1: ThreadPoolTaskExecuto

1 ThreadPoolTaskExecutor thread pool:

ThreadPoolTaskExecutor is Spring’s secondary encapsulation based on Java’s own thread pool ThreadPoolExecutor. The main purpose is to make it more convenient in the spring framework system The thread pool is used in Spring, which is the default thread pool in Spring

2 Use ThreadPoolTaskExecutor to inject beans into ioc
Configuration file form, Spring will automatically configure

## 默认线程池配置,ThreadPoolTaskExecutor 
# 核心线程数
spring.task.execution.pool.core-size=8  
# 最大线程数
spring.task.execution.pool.max-size=16
# 空闲线程存活时间
spring.task.execution.pool.keep-alive=60s
# 是否允许核心线程超时
spring.task.execution.pool.allow-core-thread-timeout=true
# 线程队列数量
spring.task.execution.pool.queue-capacity=100
# 线程关闭等待
spring.task.execution.shutdown.await-termination=false
spring.task.execution.shutdown.await-termination-period=
# 线程名称前缀
spring.task.execution.thread-name-prefix=demo_Thread

Configuration form:

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
//@Configuration
public class ThreadConfig {
    @Value("${task.maxPoolSize}")
    private int maxPoolSize;
    //todo 其他的相关配置都可以通过配置文件中注入
    @Bean("ThreadPoolTaskExecutor")
    public Executor myAsync() {
        final ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor =
                new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
        //todo  其他参数设置
        //初始化
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

3 After creating threads, all thread pools are obtained from ioc

4 Thread pool processing process:

(1) Check whether the core thread pool is full. If not, create a thread for execution Task, if the number of core threads is full, check whether the task queue is full. If not, store the thread in the task queue. If the task queue is full, check the maximum number of threads. If not, create a thread to execute the task. If it is full, execute according to the rejection policy

(2) Deny policy:

• ##CallerRunsPolicy(): The original thread executes

• AbortPolicy(): Throws an exception directly

• DiscardPolicy(): Discard directly

• DiscardOldestPolicy(): Discard the oldest item in the queue

Two: ThreadPoolTaskScheduler

1 ThreadPoolTaskScheduler regularly schedules task thread pools and processes asynchronous tasks

2 Usage: Inject the bean of ThreadPoolTaskScheduler

(1) Configuration file format: ..

(2) Configuration class form:

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
@Configuration
public class ThreadPoolTaskSchedulerConfig {
    @Bean
    public ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler() {
        final ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();
        //设置等待任务在关机时l候完成
        threadPoolTaskScheduler.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);
        //设置等待时间为60s
        threadPoolTaskScheduler.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60);
        return threadPoolTaskScheduler;
    }
}

3 Use ThreadPoolTaskScheduler scheduled task

Use for ordinary thread pool:

• submit( callable), the execution result is required

• submit(runnable), the execution result is not required

(1) Scheduled task

Add the task content Runnable, set the execution period Trigger/Date, and the Trigger expression can be Baidu

 schedule(Runnable task,Trigger)
 schedule(Runnable task,Date)

(2) Specify the interval to execute a task. The time interval is from the completion of the previous task to the start of the next task, in milliseconds

 scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable task,long delay)

(3) Execute tasks at a fixed frequency and execute new tasks at intervals after the task starts. If the last task is completed, wait for the last task to be completed before executing the next task

 scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable task,long delay)

(4) Scheduled task cancellation:

Set the collection where the scheduled task is stored. The result of the scheduled task execution is ScheduledFuture>. Store the object in the collection and obtain the ScheduledFutureObject.cancel(true) cancels the scheduled task

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
@Service
public class SchedulerService {
    @Autowired
    ThreadPoolTaskScheduler scheduler;
    /**
     * 常规线程池使用
     */
    public void tesScheduler1() throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        //无返回值
        final Future<?> demo_scheduler1 = scheduler.submit(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                System.out.println("demo runnable scheduler");
            }
        });
        //无返回值
        final Future<?> demo_scheduler2 = scheduler.submit(new Callable<Object>() {
            @Override
            public Object call() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("demo callable  scheduler");
                return "callable";
            }
        });
        System.out.println("result:" + demo_scheduler2.get());
    }
    /**
     * 定时任务
     */
    public void tesScheduler2() throws ParseException {
        //CronTrigger表达式百度即可
        scheduler.schedule(() -> {
            System.out.println("定时任务");
        }, new CronTrigger("0/1****?"));
        //创建指定时间的日期
        final Date date = new Date(2023, 3, 26, 21, 35);
        final DateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat();
        final Date parse = format.parse("2023-03-26-21-26");
        scheduler.schedule(() -> {
            System.out.println(new Date());
        }, parse);
    }
    /**
     * 指定时间间隔执行任务,上次任务结束到下次任务开始的时间间隔
     */
    public void tesScheduler3() {
        scheduler.scheduleWithFixedDelay(() -> {
            //todo
        }, 300L);
    }
    /**
     * 固定频率执行任务,在固定一段时间后便会执行下次任务,
     * 如果时间到了上次任务还没执行完毕则等待,
     * 直到上一次任务执行完毕后立马执行下次任务
     */
    public void tesScheduler4() {
        scheduler.scheduleAtFixedRate(new FutureTask<String>(new Callable<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public String call() throws Exception {
                        return null;
                    }
                }),
                200);
    }
    //取消定时任务队列
    public static ConcurrentMap<String, ScheduledFuture> map = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    public void startTask(String k1) {
        map.compute(k1, (k, v) -> {
            if (map.containsKey(k)) return v;
            map.put(k, v);
            return v;
        });
    }
}

Three @Scheduled implements the scheduled task, annotation enables the scheduled task

1 Use @EnableScheduled to enable support

2 @ Scheduled annotation method

(1)@Scheduled(fixedDelay=5000) delayed execution, executed after 5s

(2)@Scheduled(fixedRate=5000) scheduled execution, executed every five seconds
(3)@Scheduled(corn="002**?") Custom execution, corn expression Baidu, this execution method is commonly used, corn="002**?" starts executing scheduled tasks at two o'clock in the morning every day

3 Note that the tasks started by @Scheduled are single-threaded and easy to block

(1) Inject ThreadPoolTaskScheduler into ioc, then Scheduled will use the ThreadPoolTaskScheduler thread pool, which can solve the single-thread blocking problem

( 2) @Scheduled and @Async annotations enable scheduled tasks and specify the thread pool in @Async("pool"). If the thread pool is not specified, Spring's SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor thread pool will be used. This thread pool will add a thread to execute the task each time. , low efficiency

Four: Asynchronous tasks in Spring

1 @EnableAsync turns on asynchronous support

2 @Async turns on asynchronous tasks and specifies the thread pool

Note:@ Scheduled and @Async annotations enable scheduled tasks and specify the thread pool in @Async("pool"). If the thread pool is not specified, Spring's SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor thread pool will be used. This thread pool will add a thread to execute the task each time, which is inefficient. However, when @Async starts an asynchronous task alone, the default thread pool is used. It is recommended to customize the thread pool according to the needs.

Note: The return value of @Async can only be void or Future, and the caller and @Async cannot In a class, otherwise aop will not be used;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Async;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class AsyncService {
    @Async
    public void showThreadName1() {
        //默认线程池
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
    @Async("myPool")//指定线程池
    public void showThreadName2() {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

Five: Present a custom java thread pool:

 @Bean("myPool")
    public Executor executor(){
       return new ThreadPoolExecutor(// 自定义一个线程池
                1, // coreSize
                2, // maxSize
                60, // 60s
                TimeUnit.SECONDS, new ArrayBlockingQueue<>(3) // 有界队列，容量是3个
                , Executors.defaultThreadFactory()
                , new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy());
    }

java's own thread pool, cache, fixed number, single Threaded, timed,,,, six or seven types, continued

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