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How to use PHP and Smarty to achieve front-end and back-end separation development

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Jun 25, 2023 pm 01:46 PM

phpsmartySeparation of front and back ends

In modern web development, the separation of front-end and back-end has become a very popular trend, which allows developers to better organize projects and improve the efficiency of project development. PHP and Smarty are two very commonly used technologies, which can be used to achieve front-end and back-end separation development. This article will introduce how to use PHP and Smarty to achieve front-end and back-end separation development.

What is front-end and back-end separation development

In traditional web development, the front-end is mainly responsible for the presentation of the page and the logic of interaction with the back-end. The backend is mainly responsible for business logic, database operations and other background work. However, traditional development methods often have some problems, such as inflexible front-end and back-end interaction and high code maintenance costs. These problems can be solved through separate front-end and front-end development.

Separate front-end and back-end development refers to separating the front-end and the back-end. The front-end is responsible for page display and user interaction, and the back-end is responsible for data processing and logic control. Data interaction between the front-end and the back-end is carried out through the API interface, so that the front-end and the back-end are decoupled, each focusing on their own fields, thus improving work efficiency and code maintainability.

Why use PHP and Smarty

PHP is a popular server-side scripting language that can help us implement background logic processing and API interface writing. In PHP, we can use some commonly used frameworks, such as Laravel, CodeIgniter, etc., to accelerate application development.

Smarty is a powerful template engine that can be used to simplify the writing of HTML and PHP code, making front-end development more efficient. Smarty has rich template syntax, including template inheritance, variable output, loops, conditional judgments, etc. These functions can effectively simplify the template development process.

Using PHP and Smarty to implement front-end and back-end separation development

The specific process of implementing front-end and front-end separation development is as follows:

Front-end developers use HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc. Technology for page design and obtaining data from the backend through Ajax requests.
Back-end developers use PHP to develop API interfaces and implement business logic processing through database operations.
Use Smarty to template the front-end page and separate HTML and PHP code to make the page design clearer.
Call the Ajax interface in the Smarty template to bind the back-end data to the front-end page to update the page.

You can refer to the following code for the specific way to realize the separation of front-end and back-end.

Front-end code

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>前后端分离开发示例</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function() {
            // 调用后端API接口
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "api.php",
                dataType: "json",
                success: function(data) {
                    // 处理后端返回的数据
                    if(data.code == 200) {
                        $("#username").text(data.data.username);
                        $("#useremail").text(data.data.email);
                    }
                }
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 id="欢迎来到前后端分离开发示例">欢迎来到前后端分离开发示例</h1>
    <p>用户名：<span id="username"></span></p>
    <p>邮箱：<span id="useremail"></span></p>
</body>
</html>

Back-end code

<?php
// 连接数据库
$conn = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "password", "test");

// 查询用户信息
$query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1";
$result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);

// 构建API接口返回数据
$data = [
    "code" => 200,
    "msg" => "SUCCESS",
    "data" => [
        "username" => $row['username'],
        "email" => $row['email']
    ]
];

// 返回JSON格式的数据
header('Content-Type:application/json');
echo json_encode($data);

Smarty template

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>前后端分离开发示例</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function() {
            // 调用后端API接口
            $.ajax({
                type: "POST",
                url: "api.php",
                dataType: "json",
                success: function(data) {
                    // 处理后端返回的数据
                    if(data.code == 200) {
                        $("#username").text(data.data.username);
                        $("#useremail").text(data.data.email);
                    }
                }
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1 id="欢迎来到前后端分离开发示例">欢迎来到前后端分离开发示例</h1>
    <p>用户名：<span id="username">{$username}</span></p>
    <p>邮箱：<span id="useremail">{$email}</span></p>
</body>
</html>

PHP code

<?php
// 连接数据库
$conn = mysqli_connect("localhost", "root", "password", "test");

// 查询用户信息
$query = "SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = 1";
$result = mysqli_query($conn, $query);
$row = mysqli_fetch_assoc($result);

// 构建$smarty数据
$smartyData = [
    "username" => $row['username'],
    "email" => $row['email']
];

// 载入Smarty模板
require 'smarty/libs/Smarty.class.php';
$smarty = new Smarty();
$smarty->template_dir = 'templates/';
$smarty->compile_dir = 'templates_c/';

// 将数据传递给Smarty模板
$smarty->assign($smartyData);

// 显示模板
$smarty->display('index.tpl');

Summary

As can be seen from the above code examples, it is very simple to use PHP and Smarty to achieve front-end and back-end separation development. Separate development of front-end and back-end allows developers to focus on their own areas, improving work efficiency and code maintainability. Therefore, in actual development, we should try and explore more this development method to improve the success rate and quality of the project.

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