How to fix Python's indentation error?

Python is a very popular programming language that is widely used due to its concise and clear syntax, ease of learning, and rich ecosystem. However, since Python uses indentation as the identifier of code blocks, it is easy to encounter indentation errors during the process of writing Python programs.

Indentation errors may be caused by spelling errors, improper use of indentation, or poor readability, which may cause the code to fail or produce unexpected results. Therefore, when we want to solve Python indentation errors, we need the following steps to diagnose and repair them.

1. Use an appropriate editor or IDE

First of all, we need to ensure that the editor or IDE (integrated development environment) used supports automatic indentation, such as VSCode, PyCharm, Spyder, etc. In this way, when we enter code, the editor will automatically indent the code, reducing the occurrence of syntax errors and indentation errors. If we are already using these editors and still encounter indentation errors, we need to check where we are going wrong.

2. Check the error message

The Python interpreter will give an informative error message. When encountering an indentation error, we need to look at the error message given, which helps us find the erroneous code block and further correct it.

In the sample code, when we accidentally introduce spaces during indentation, we will see the following error message:

IndentationError: unexpected indent

This message Tells us that there is an unexpected indentation in the code block, which means we need to check whether the indentation is correct.

3. Check the code block

Indentation errors are usually caused by incorrect indentation of a certain code block. Therefore we need to carefully check the code block to ensure that all statements are at the correct indentation level. You can use a combination of tabs and spaces to indent code, but it's best not to mix the two.

In the sample code, the following content has an indentation error:

if a

print('a is less than 10')
    print('a is',a)

In the third line, extra spaces appear, causing the code to The indentation level of the block is incorrect and should be modified to:

if a

print('a is less than 10')
print('a is',a)

4. Use code formatting tools

Another solution to Python indentation The way to avoid errors is to use code formatting tools, which can automatically format the code and correct indentation errors. Common Python code formatting tools include Black, YAPF, etc. We can choose one according to our preferences.

5. Follow the PEP8 specification

Comply with the Python coding specification (PEP8) standards, which helps to reduce the occurrence of indentation errors. PEP8 contains recommendations and guidance on indentation, spacing, and abbreviations. If we can follow the PEP8 specification, it will be easier to avoid indentation errors.

Summary

Indentation errors are common in Python programming, but we can do it by following the above instructions, using a suitable editor/IDE, viewing error messages, checking code blocks, and using code formatting ization tools and writing code according to the PEP8 specification to solve this problem. When we can find and solve these problems, we can speed up our programming, reduce the chance of errors, and make the code clearer.

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