Django Getting Started Tutorial: Writing Web Applications in Python

Django is a commonly used Python Web framework, which can help us develop efficient, scalable, secure, and easy-to-maintain Web applications. In this article, we will provide a complete introductory tutorial to Django, demonstrating how to use Python to write a web application.

Step one: Install Django and Python

First, we need to install Python and Django. You can download and install the latest version of Python on the Python official website (https://www.python.org/downloads/). After installing Python, we can use the pip command to install Django:

pip install django

After Django is installed, we can start creating our application.

Step 2: Create a Django application

In Django, we use the django-admin.py tool to create a new Django project.

django-admin.py startproject myproject

This command will create a new project named "myproject" in the current directory.

Next, we enter the "myproject" directory and create a new application:

cd myproject
python manage.py startapp myapp

This command will create a new application named "myapp", which contains some default files and catalog. After entering the above command in the terminal, you will see the "myapp" directory appearing under the "myproject" directory.

Step Three: Write Django Views

Views in Django refer to pages requested by users, and they return data requested by the front end. In Django, we can use Python functions to define views. In our case, we will define a simple view that returns a "Hello World!" string.

Open the "myapp/views.py" file and add the following content to it:

from django.http import HttpResponse

def hello(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello World!")

In this view function, we imported the "HttpResponse" class and defined a file named " hello" function, which accepts a request and returns an HttpResponse instance containing the "Hello World!" string.

Next, we need to map the view function to the URL.

Step 4: Define URL configuration

In Django, we need to map the view function through URL configuration. We can create a new folder named "urls" in the "myapp" directory, and create a new file named "urls.py" under this folder.

Open the "myapp/urls/urls.py" file and add the following code to it:

from django.urls import path

from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('hello', views.hello, name='hello'),
]

In this file, we imported the "path" function and then defined a name A list of "urlpatterns", which contains a URL rule mapped to the "hello" view function. In this URL rule, "hello" is the name we defined for the view function.

Step 5: Run the Django application

Now, we have completed writing the Django application. We can start the application through the following steps:

1. Open the "myproject" directory.
2. Execute the following command in the terminal: python manage.py runserver

This command will start the Django development server and run the application on localhost:8000.

Now, we can access "http://localhost:8000/hello" in the browser, and we should see the string "Hello World!" output on the page. This means we have successfully written a Django application.

Conclusion

In this article, we have provided a complete introductory tutorial to Django, demonstrating how to write a web application using Python. We started by installing Django and Python, creating a Django project, and writing a simple view. Finally, we mapped the view to the URL and ran our app. Hopefully this tutorial will help you get started writing your own web applications using Django.

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