How to use ThinkPHP6 to implement verification code function

In login authentication systems such as website or application login, registration, and password retrieval, the verification code function has become a common user verification method. The verification code function can effectively prevent malicious attacks and robot attacks, and protect user data and system security. This article will introduce how to use the ThinkPHP6 framework to implement the verification code function.

1. Introduction to the ThinkPHP6 verification code function

The verification code function in the ThinkPHP6 framework can be implemented by using the thinkcaptchaCaptcha class. This class provides many options to set the length, font, font size, interference line type, interference point type, etc. of the verification code. These options allow us to customize our own verification codes to meet the needs of specific business scenarios.

2. Implementation steps

1. Install the ThinkPHP6 framework

After configuring the PHP environment in the local environment, you can use composer to install the ThinkPHP6 framework. Enter the following command at the command line:

composer create-project topthink/think myproject

This will create a project directory named myproject and automatically install and initialize all dependencies required for the project.

2. Create verification code method

In the ThinkPHP6 framework, we can define the verification code method in the controller. For example, we can create a verify method in the Index controller. This method can accept a parameter to specify the length of the verification code. The code is as follows:

namespace appindexcontroller;

use thinkcaptchaCaptcha;

class Index
{
    public function verify($length = 4)
    {
        $captcha = new Captcha([
            'length'    =>  $length,
            'useNoise'  =>  true,
            'fontSize'  =>  30,
            'useCurve'  =>  false,
        ]);
        return $captcha->entry();
    }
}

In the above code, we use the Captcha class to generate the verification code. We pass some parameters to specify the length of the verification code, whether to use interference lines or interference points, etc.

3. Display verification code

In the above controller code, we use the $captcha->entry() method to display the verification code . This method will generate an image and output the image directly on the browser.

We can create an img element in the template or view file, set its src attribute to the URL of the verification code method we created in step 2, and then the verification code can be displayed on the front-end page. The code is as follows:

<img src="{:url('index/verify', ['length'=>4])}" onclick="this.src=this.src+'?rand='+Math.random()" />

In the above code, we use the url function to generate the URL of the verification code image, and set the length to 4. When the image is clicked, the verification code image is reloaded to update the verification code.

4. Verification verification code

We can use PHP's session mechanism to obtain the verification code entered by the user when submitting form data, and then compare it with the generated verification code Compare to verify whether the verification code is correct. The code is as follows:

namespace appindexcontroller;

use thinkcaptchaCaptcha;

class Index
{
    public function verify($length = 4)
    {
        $captcha = new Captcha([
            'length'    =>  $length,
            'useNoise'  =>  true,
            'fontSize'  =>  30,
            'useCurve'  =>  false,
        ]);
        return $captcha->entry();
    }
    
    public function check()
    {
        $code = input('post.captcha');
        if(captcha_check($code)){
            // 验证码正确
        }else{
            // 验证码错误
        }
    }
}

In the above code, we define a check method to verify the verification code entered by the user. We use the captcha_check() function to compare whether the verification code entered by the user and the generated verification code are equal.

5. Verification code refresh function

Sometimes we need to provide the function of refreshing the verification code when the user enters the verification code incorrectly, so that the user can pass the verification faster. We can achieve this function by simply refreshing the page, or by modifying the URL of the verification code image.

On the front-end page, add a refresh button to the element of the verification code image. Click this button to reload the verification code image to update the verification code. The code is as follows:

<img id="captcha" src="{:url('index/verify', ['length'=>4])}" onclick="this.src=this.src+'?rand='+Math.random()" />
<button onclick="document.getElementById('captcha').src='{:url('index/verify', ['length'=>4])}?' + Math.random(); return false;">刷新验证码</button>

In the above code, we use JavaScript code to modify the src attribute of the verification code image, and pass the Math.random() function as a parameter to the url function. This way each refresh will generate a new URL to reload the verification code.

6. Complete sample code

The above code snippet may not be complete enough. The following is the complete code using ThinkPHP6 to implement the verification code function.

namespace appindexcontroller;

use thinkcaptchaCaptcha;

class Index
{
    // 验证码函数
    public function verify($length = 4)
    {
        $captcha = new Captcha([
            'length'    =>  $length,
            'useNoise'  =>  true,
            'fontSize'  =>  30,
            'useCurve'  =>  false,
        ]);
        return $captcha->entry();
    }
    
    // 验证码校验函数
    public function check()
    {
        $code = input('post.captcha');
        if(captcha_check($code)){
            // 验证码正确
        }else{
            // 验证码错误
        }
    }
}

<!-- 登录表单页面 -->
<form method="post" action="{:url('index/check')}">
    <div>
        <label>用户名</label>
        <input type="text" name="username" />
    </div>
    <div>
        <label>密码</label>
        <input type="password" name="password" />
    </div>
    <div>
        <label>验证码</label>
        <img id="captcha" src="{:url('index/verify', ['length'=>4])}" onclick="this.src=this.src+'?rand='+Math.random()" /><br/>
        <input type="text" name="captcha" />
        <a href="#" onclick="document.getElementById('captcha').src='{:url('index/verify', ['length'=>4])}?' + Math.random(); return false;">刷新验证码</a>
    </div>
    <button type="submit">登录</button>
</form>

The above is the whole process of using ThinkPHP6 to implement the verification code function. If you are developing a web application or website, then using the CAPTCHA feature can improve the security of the system and protect user data from malicious attacks.

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