How to use Shardig database in ThinkPHP6

In the development process of modern web applications, the amount of data is usually very large. In order to cope with this situation and improve database performance, data management is usually carried out in the form of sub-database and sub-table. Sharding database is a common implementation method, which can disperse data on multiple different database clusters for management, thereby achieving high data availability and performance improvement. This article will introduce how to use Sharding database in ThinkPHP6.

1. Configure Sharding database connection

First, you need to create a new database.php configuration file in the config folder. Used to configure database connections. Multiple database connection information can be defined in this file, and each connection corresponds to a Sharding database cluster.

Take the example of two database clusters to illustrate:

return [
    // 主库连接
    'main' => [
        'type' => 'mysql',
        'hostname' => '127.0.0.1',
        'database' => 'db_main',
        'username' => 'root',
        'password' => '',
        'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
        'prefix' => '',
        'debug' => true,
    ],
    // 分库连接
    'sharding' => [
        'type' => 'mysql',
        'hostname' => '127.0.0.1',
        'database' => 'db_sharding',
        'username' => 'root',
        'password' => '',
        'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
        'prefix' => '',
        'debug' => true,
        // 分库分表规则
        'shard' => [
            'type' => 'column',
            'column' => 'id',
            'function' => function($value) {
                return 'db_' . ($value % 4 + 1);
            },
        ],
    ]
];

In the above configuration file, main is the main database connection configuration, and sharding is Sub-library configuration. Among them, the shard parameter is specified in the sharding connection, which defines the rules for sharding databases and tables. The column sub-database method is used here, and id is used as the basis for sub-database. function defines specific database sharding logic and distributes data into four different databases based on the value of id.

2. Instantiate the Sharding database connection

Next, you need to instantiate the Sharding database connection in the code. Typically, this task is accomplished with the help of the Db class.

use thinkDb;

// 实例化Sharding连接
Db::connect('sharding')->query('SELECT * FROM my_table');

In the above code, Db::connect('sharding') gets the database configured in sharding in database.php connect.

3. Using Sharding database

With the above configuration and preparation, the use of Sharding database is the same as that of an ordinary database. You just need to pay attention to using the correct database connection. .

use thinkDb;

// 使用Sharding连接查询my_table表的数据
Db::connect('sharding')->table('my_table')->select();

Of course, since the data is distributed in multiple databases, when performing cross-database operations, you need to turn on cross-database operation support. This option can be turned on in the database.php file under the config folder.

return [
    'connections' => [
        // ...
        // 开启跨库操作支持
        'cross_db' => true,
    ],
];

4. Summary

The above is a brief introduction to using Sharding database in ThinkPHP6. Through the combination of configuration and code, applications can easily manage and use Sharding databases, improve the efficiency and reliability of data management, and provide stronger support for application development.

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