How to use Memcached for caching in PHP application?

With the rapid growth of web applications, the requirements for performance and speed are also getting higher and higher. In this case, caching is one of the practical techniques to improve the performance of web applications. To speed up data retrieval and application response time, developers can use various caching solutions. Memcached is one of the popular solutions. This article explains how to use Memcached caching in PHP applications.

Memcached is a memory-based caching solution that allows developers to cache data on multiple servers, which can significantly improve application performance and scalability. Memcached is a distributed caching system that uses transparent data hashing to store and retrieve data. Memcached supports multiple programming languages, including PHP.

To use Memcached cache in PHP applications, we need to follow the following steps:

1. Install the Memcached extension

Before using Memcached, you need to install it first Memcached extension. Depending on the version of PHP your application uses, you can choose the appropriate version of the Memcached extension to install. On Linux, extensions can be installed using a package manager (such as yum) or installation from source.

2. Connecting Memcached Server

To use Memcached cache in a PHP application, you need to first use PHP's Memcached class to establish a connection with the Memcached server. Parameters for the connection include the server's IP address and port. The following is the code to establish a connection:

$mc = new Memcached();
$mc->addServer("127.0.0.1", 11211);

Here, we create Create a new Memcached instance and connect it to port 11211 of the local host.

3. Storing Data

Once the connection to the Memcached server is established, you can use the set() function of the Memcached class to store data into the server. The set() function requires two parameters: key and value.

The following is the code to store data:

$mc->set("key_name", "value");

Here, key_name is the data to be stored key, value is the value to be stored.

4. Get cached data

The process of retrieving cached data from the Memcached server is very similar to storing data. Use the get() function to read saved data from the Memcached server after establishing a connection to the server.

The following is the code to obtain cached data:

$data = $mc->get("key_name");

Here, $data is retrieved from the cache value.

5. Delete cached data

If you need to delete specific cached data from Memcached, you can use the delete() function of the Memcached class to achieve this. The delete() function requires one parameter: the key of the cached data to be deleted.

The following is the code to delete cached data:

$mc->delete("key_name");

Here, we delete the cached data with the key key_name.

In the actual use of Memcached, you also need to pay attention to the following matters:

• Before storing large amounts of data, you need to ensure that sufficient memory and cache space are available.
• If security is an issue, use a secure Memcached connection (such as SSL).
• Even if you use Memcached for caching, you should use other performance tuning techniques to further improve your application's performance.
• Memcached is mainly used for caching data and is not suitable for storing program state or application configuration data. For storing state or program data, using a relational database or other data storage option is a better choice.

Conclusion

Using caching is one of the important techniques to improve the performance of web applications. In PHP applications, caching using Memcached is a popular solution. In the above steps, we explained how to install the Memcached extension, connect to the Memcached server, store, retrieve and delete data. In actual use, you need to pay attention to the memory and space limitations of the cache, as well as other performance optimization techniques.

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