How to build an online Q&A application using Go language and React

With the development of the Internet, online question and answer applications are becoming more and more popular. In this article, we will introduce how to build an online question and answer application using Go language and React.

1. Determine Requirements

Before building any application, you first need to determine the requirements of the application. For an online Q&A application, the following are some possible requirements:

• Users can register an account and log in
• Users can ask questions
• Users can answer questions
• Users can vote for or against questions or answers
• Users can search for questions and answers

With these requirements in place, we can start building the application.

2. Choose a technology stack

After determining the application requirements, we need to choose an appropriate technology stack to build the application. For this online Q&A application, we will use the following technologies:

• Backend: Go language, using Gin framework and gorm ORM
• Frontend: React framework, using antd UI component library and axios library

3. Building the backend

Before you start building the backend, you need to ensure that the Go language and Gin framework have been installed. Next, we build the backend application using the Gin framework.

First, we need to create a main.go file, import it with the necessary libraries and create a Gin instance:

package main

import (
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
)

func main() {
    r := gin.Default()

    // 路由定义在这里

    r.Run()
}

Next, we define the routes. The following are possible routes:

• Register: POST /api/user/register
• Login: POST /api/user/login
• Question: POST /api /questions
• Answers: POST /api/questions/:id/answers
• Votes: POST /api/votes
• Search: GET /api/search/:keyword

We also need to define some models to store data. In this application we need models to store users, questions, answers and votes.

Now, we have completed building the backend application. You can deploy it to a cloud server and run it on the server.

4. Building the front end

Before you start building the front end, you need to make sure that Node.js and the React framework have been installed. Next, we build the front-end application using the React framework.

First, we use the create-react-app command to create a new React application:

npx create-react-app qanda-app

Next, we need to install the required libraries:

npm install antd axios --save

Now, we will build a simple UI to register, log in, ask questions, and answer questions. In the App.js file, we will write the following code:

import React, {useState} from 'react';
import './App.css';
import {Layout, Menu, Breadcrumb, Form, Input, Button, message} from 'antd';
import axios from 'axios';

const {Header, Content, Footer} = Layout;

function App() {
  const [form] = Form.useForm();
  const [user, setUser] = useState(null);

  const onFinish = async (values) => {
    try {
      const response = await axios.post('/api/user/register', values);
      setUser(response.data);
      message.success('注册成功');
    } catch (error) {
      message.error(error.response.data);
    }
  };

  const login = async (username, password) => {
    try {
      const response = await axios.post('/api/user/login', {username, password});
      setUser(response.data);
      message.success('登录成功');
    } catch (error) {
      message.error(error.response.data);
    }
  }

  return (
    <Layout className="layout">
      <Header>
        <div className="logo" />
        <Menu theme="dark" mode="horizontal" defaultSelectedKeys={['1']}>
          <Menu.Item key="1">主页</Menu.Item>
        </Menu>
      </Header>
      <Content style={{padding: '0 50px'}}>
        <Breadcrumb style={{margin: '16px 0'}}>
          <Breadcrumb.Item>主页</Breadcrumb.Item>
        </Breadcrumb>
        <div className="site-layout-content">
          {!user ?
            <div className="login-form">
              <h1>注册</h1>
              <Form form={form} onFinish={onFinish}>
                <Form.Item name="username" rules={[{required: true, message: '请输入用户名'}]}>
                  <Input placeholder="用户名" />
                </Form.Item>
                <Form.Item name="password" rules={[{required: true, message: '请输入密码'}]}>
                  <Input.Password placeholder="密码" />
                </Form.Item>
                <Form.Item name="confirmPassword" dependencies={['password']} rules={[
                    {required: true, message: '请确认密码'},
                    ({getFieldValue}) => ({
                      validator(rule, value) {
                        if (!value || getFieldValue('password') === value) {
                          return Promise.resolve();
                        }
                        return Promise.reject('两次输入的密码不一致');
                      }
                    })
                  ]}>
                  <Input.Password placeholder="确认密码" />
                </Form.Item>
                <Form.Item>
                  <Button type="primary" htmlType="submit">
                    注册
                  </Button>
                  <a href="#" onClick={() => message.warning('该功能尚未实现')}>
                    已有账户？登录！
                  </a>
                </Form.Item>
              </Form>
            </div>
            :
            <div>
              <h1>欢迎 {user.username}！</h1>
              <a href="#" onClick={() => message.warning('该功能尚未实现')}>
                提问
              </a>
            </div>
          }
        </div>
      </Content>
      <Footer style={{textAlign: 'center'}}>Ant Design ©2021 Created by Ant UED</Footer>
    </Layout>
  );
}

export default App;

The above code implements the registration and login functions. When a user registers, a registration request is sent to the backend. If registration is successful, the user will be set as the current user. When a user logs in, a login request is sent to the backend. If the login is successful, the user will be set as the current user.

Now, we have completed building the application. You can run it locally and deploy it on the server.

5. Summary

In this article, we introduced how to build an online question and answer application using Go language and React. We first identified the requirements of the application and then selected the appropriate technology stack to build the application. On the backend side, we use Gin framework and gorm ORM. On the front-end side, we use the React framework and the antd UI component library and axios library. Using these technologies, we built an application with registration, login, question and answer functionality.

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