Using JavaScript to implement online editing of tabular data

In modern web applications, tables are a common UI component used to display and edit data. In some cases, users may need to edit directly in the table to quickly modify data without having to go to another page or use an external tool to make modifications. Therefore, it is very useful to implement online table editing functions. In this article, I will introduce how to use JavaScript and some open source libraries to implement online editing of tabular data.

1. HTML table creation

Before you start using JavaScript, please create an HTML table first. Here is a simple example:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>名称</th>
      <th>价格</th>
      <th>库存</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>苹果</td>
      <td>1.99</td>
      <td>100</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>橙子</td>
      <td>0.99</td>
      <td>50</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

2. Add edit button and event handler

Add an "Edit" button to each editable cell of the table and when the button is clicked Start editing mode. Here's how to do it:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>名称</th>
      <th>价格</th>
      <th>库存</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">苹果</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="苹果">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">1.99</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="1.99">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">100</span>
          <input type="number" class="editor" value="100">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">橙子</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="橙子">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">0.99</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="0.99">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">50</span>
          <input type="number" class="editor" value="50">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

In the following example, I will use the jQuery library to find and process DOM elements:

$(document).ready(function() {
  // 查找所有编辑按钮和可编辑单元格
  var editBtns = $('.edit-btn');
  var cells = $('.editable-cell');

  // 添加事件处理程序
  editBtns.click(function() {
    var cell = $(this).closest('.editable-cell');
    var valueSpan = cell.find('.value');
    var editor = cell.find('.editor');

    // 切换编辑模式
    valueSpan.hide();
    editor.show().focus();

    // 提交修改
    editor.blur(function() {
      valueSpan.text(editor.val());
      editor.hide();
      valueSpan.show();
    });
  });
});

This code first finds all "Edit" buttons and editable cells grid and launch a click handler on the button. In the handler, it finds the required elements (the value's text node, the editor, and the cell), switches editing mode, and sets focus on the editor. When the user finishes editing and the editor loses focus, the handler commits the modifications, displaying the updated value in the text node.

3. Add save and cancel buttons

In edit mode, users need to have a way to save or cancel changes. We can add two buttons to accomplish this:

<button class="save-btn">保存</button>
<button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>

Please note that these buttons should be included in the edit mode of each editable cell so that the user can save or cancel the individual cells if needed. Revise. Here's how to do it:

<table>
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>名称</th>
      <th>价格</th>
      <th>库存</th>
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">苹果</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="苹果">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">1.99</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="1.99">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">100</span>
          <input type="number" class="editor" value="100">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">橙子</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="橙子">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">0.99</span>
          <input type="text" class="editor" value="0.99">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
      <td>
        <div class="editable-cell">
          <span class="value">50</span>
          <input type="number" class="editor" value="50">
          <button class="edit-btn">编辑</button>
          <button class="save-btn">保存</button>
          <button class="cancel-btn">取消</button>
        </div>
      </td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Similar to the "Edit" button, we need to add event handlers to handle the click events of these two buttons and submit the form data to the server. Here's how to do it:

$(document).ready(function() {
  // 查找所有编辑按钮、保存按钮和取消按钮
  var editBtns = $('.edit-btn');
  var saveBtns = $('.save-btn');
  var cancelBtns = $('.cancel-btn');

  // 添加事件处理程序
  editBtns.click(function() {
    var cell = $(this).closest('.editable-cell');
    var valueSpan = cell.find('.value');
    var editor = cell.find('.editor');
    var saveBtn = cell.find('.save-btn');
    var cancelBtn = cell.find('.cancel-btn');

    // 切换编辑模式
    valueSpan.hide();
    editor.show().focus();
    saveBtn.show();
    cancelBtn.show();

    // 提交修改
    saveBtn.click(function() {
      valueSpan.text(editor.val());
      editor.hide();
      valueSpan.show();
      saveBtn.hide();
      cancelBtn.hide();

      // 向服务器提交表格数据
      var rowData = {
        name: cell.closest('tr').find('td').eq(0).text(),
        price: cell.closest('tr').find('td').eq(1).text(),
        stock: cell.closest('tr').find('td').eq(2).text()
      };
      $.ajax({
        url: '/api/updateRow',
        method: 'POST',
        data: rowData,
        success: function(response) {
          console.log('行更新成功');
        },
        error: function(xhr, status, error) {
          console.error(error);
        }
      });
    });

    // 取消修改
    cancelBtn.click(function() {
      editor.val(valueSpan.text());
      editor.hide();
      valueSpan.show();
      saveBtn.hide();
      cancelBtn.hide();
    });
  });
});

This code first finds all Edit, Save, and Cancel buttons and adds an event listener in the click handler of each Edit button. In the handler, it finds the required elements (the value's text node, the editor, the save button, and the cancel button), shows editing mode, and sets focus on the editor. When the user clicks the save button, the handler commits the modifications, displays the updated value in the text node, and sends an update request to the server. When the user clicks the cancel button, the handler cancels the modification and restores the initial value.

4. Conclusion

In this article, we learned how to use JavaScript and some open source libraries to implement online editing of tabular data. We added an Edit button and Save/Cancel buttons to allow users to easily modify data in the table and submit updates to the server using jQuery and Ajax. This is a great example to showcase JavaScript and how you can improve the user experience of your web application by using its libraries.

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