Laravel Development: How to use Laravel Testing for end-to-end testing?

Laravel is a popular PHP framework that provides powerful infrastructure and out-of-the-box functionality for web applications. One of them is Laravel Testing, which provides a fast end-to-end testing mechanism for Laravel applications. In this article, we will learn how to use Laravel Testing for end-to-end testing.

Why is end-to-end testing needed?

In the software development process, testing is an important part of ensuring software quality. In web applications, end-to-end testing is the last step of testing and the final acceptance step. End-to-end testing is usually completed by automated test scripts to simulate real user operations and test whether the web application can work properly.

Use end-to-end testing to:

• Determine if the application meets expectations
• Determine if the application is operable and responsive
• Capture Bugs and Errors

Basic knowledge of Laravel Testing

Laravel Testing is the testing library that comes with the Laravel framework. It provides many methods and tools for writing tests, and Simulate real user interaction behavior.

In Laravel Testing, you can create test classes and use PHPUnit for testing. LaravelTesting provides additional functionality extensions to PHPUnit that make it easier for you to use Laravel application features, such as accessing routes and pages.

When using Laravel Testing for end-to-end testing, we mainly use the following components:

• Browser testing component (BrowserKit Testing): allows to simulate HTTP requests and responses, test Web Whether the application can respond correctly.
• Queue Testing Component (Queued Testing): Allows testing of Laravel's queue functions to ensure that they execute correctly.

Writing an end-to-end test

In this section, we will write a simple end-to-end test to test the functionality of the login page and registration page.

Preparation

First, we need to install PHPUnit and Laravel Testing libraries. We can accomplish these operations using Composer.

Enter the following command in the terminal window to complete the installation of PHPUnit:

composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit

Then, we can use the following command to install the Laravel Testing library:

composer require --dev orchestra/testbench-browser-kit

After the installation is complete, we You can start writing tests.

Writing Tests

Create TestCase Class

We will create a TestCase class and inherit it from the Laravel class so that we can use the functionality of Laravel Testing. Enter the following command in the terminal window:

php artisan make:test EndToEndExampleTest

This command will create an EndToEndExampleTest.php file in the /tests/ directory. Replace the contents of the entire file with the following example code:

<?php

namespace TestsFeature;

use IlluminateFoundationTestingRefreshDatabase;
use LaravelBrowserKitTestingTestCase as BaseTestCase;

abstract class EndToEndTestCase extends BaseTestCase
{
    use CreatesApplication;
}

Creating a test

Before we start writing tests, we need to make sure the Laravel application is running. We can start our application using the following command:

php artisan serve

Now, we can write a test that tests the login and registration functionality. In the EndToEndExampleTest test class, add the following test method:

public function testUserRegistration()
{
    $this->browse(function ($browser) {
        // 访问登陆页面
        $browser->visit('/login')
                ->assertSee('Login')
                ->assertSee('Email')
                ->assertSee('Password');
                
        // 注册新用户
        $browser->visit('/register')
                ->type('name', 'John Doe')
                ->type('email', 'johndoe@example.com')
                ->type('password', 'password')
                ->type('password_confirmation', 'password')
                ->press('Register')
                ->assertPathIs('/home');
                
        // 退出登录
        $browser->click('#navbarDropdown')
                ->assertSee('Logout')
                ->clickLink('Logout')
                ->assertPathIs('/');
    });
}

In the above test, we use Laravel Testing's browser test component to simulate user operations. We visit the login page, submit the login form, then visit the registration page to create a new user, and finally log out. We check that the output is as expected and that the requested path and location are correct.

We can run the test using the following command:

php artisan test --testsuite=Feature

After the run is completed, the console will display the test results.

Summary

Laravel Testing is the testing library that comes with the Laravel framework. It provides simple, friendly end-to-end testing tools and functional extensions, making it easier for us to write and run tests. script. In this article, we learned how to use Laravel Testing for end-to-end testing and demonstrated how to use Laravel Testing for browser testing by creating a basic login and registration test. In practice, you can customize your tests as needed and validate different aspects of your application.

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