PHP crawler practice: how to crawl data on Github

In today's Internet era, with the increasing abundance of data and the continuous diffusion of information, people's demand for data has also increased. Crawler technology, as a method of obtaining website data, has also attracted more and more attention.

Github, as the world's largest open source community, is undoubtedly an important source for developers to obtain various data. This article will introduce how to use PHP crawler technology to quickly obtain data on Github.

1. Crawler preparation

Before starting to write a crawler, we need to install the PHP environment and related tools, such as Composer and GuzzleHttp. Composer is a dependency management tool for PHP. We can introduce GuzzleHttp into it to help us complete web requests and data parsing.

In addition, we also need to understand some basic knowledge of web crawling, including HTTP protocol, HTML DOM parsing and regular expressions.

2. Analyze Github data structure

Before crawling the data on Github, we need to first understand its data structure. Taking the open source project on Github as an example, we can obtain the project's name, description, author, language and other information from the project's homepage URL (such as: https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow), and the project's Code, issue, pull request and other information correspond to different URLs. Therefore, we need to first analyze the HTML structure of the project page and the URLs corresponding to different contents before we can complete the data capture.

3. Writing crawler code

With the previous preparations and data structure analysis, we can start writing crawler code. Here we use PHP's GuzzleHttp library to help us complete network requests and HTML DOM parsing.

Among them, we use the GuzzleHttpClient class to perform operations related to the HTTP protocol, use the SymfonyComponentDomCrawlerCrawler class to parse the HTML DOM structure, and use regular expressions to handle some special situations.

The following is a sample code that can be used to obtain the name, description and url of the open source project on Github:

<?php
require_once 'vendor/autoload.php';

use GuzzleHttpClient;
use SymfonyComponentDomCrawlerCrawler;

$client = new Client();
$crawler = new Crawler();

// 发起 HTTP 请求并获取响应内容
$res = $client->request('GET', 'https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow');

// 获取页面标题
$title = $crawler->filter('title')->text();

// 获取项目名称
$name = $crawler->filter('.repohead .public')->text();

// 获取项目描述
$description = $crawler->filter('.repohead .description')->text();

// 获取项目 url
$url = $res->geteffectiveurl();

echo "title: $title
";
echo "name: $name
";
echo "description: $description
";
echo "url: $url
";

With the above code, we can quickly obtain the name, description and url of the Github open source project Basic information.

4. Crawling more data

In addition to obtaining basic information about the project, Github also provides a wealth of open source project information, including commits, issues, pull requests, etc. We can grab this data by analyzing the corresponding url and HTML structure in a similar way to the above.

In code implementation, we can use a method similar to the following to obtain the latest commit record in the project:

$res = $client->request('GET', 'https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commits');

$latestCommit = $crawler->filter('.commit-message a')->first()->text();

echo "latest commit: $latestCommit
";

5. Comply with laws and regulations

As a technology for obtaining website data, the use of crawler technology needs to comply with legal regulations and the website's service agreement. Therefore, when we crawl data on Github, we need to be careful not to affect the website, and malicious attacks and illegal profit-making activities are strictly prohibited.

Summary

This article introduces how to use PHP crawler technology to quickly obtain data on Github. During the implementation process, we need to first analyze the data structure, write the code for HTTP requests and HTML DOM parsing, and comply with laws, regulations and website service agreements. By rationally using crawler technology, we can obtain data on the Internet more efficiently, bringing more convenience to our work and study.

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