How to use Memcached in PHP programming?

With the continuous increase in website visits, caching technology has become an essential part of PHP development. Memcached is one of the best caching solutions. In this article, we will discuss how to use Memcached in PHP programming.

Memcached is a distributed memory object caching system that can obtain data from the database or API and cache it. Before using it, you need to install and configure the Memcached server. You can download the installation package from the Memcached official website, and then set up the server through the configuration file. In order to use Memcached with PHP programming, you need to install the php-memcached extension. This extension requires the libmemcached library, which also needs to be installed and configured.

So far, you have completed setting up the environment. Next, we'll cover how to use Memcached in PHP code.

The first step is to connect to the Memcached server.

To connect to the server, you can use the constructor of the Memcached class. Here we will use a simple connection method.

$memcached = new Memcached();
$memcached->addServer('127.0.0.1', 11211);

This specifies the IP address and port number of the server we want to connect to. If you have multiple servers, you can add multiple servers using the addServers() method.

$servers = [
    ['127.0.0.1', 11211],
    ['192.168.1.100', 11211],
    ['192.168.1.200', 11211]
];
$memcached->addServers($servers);

The second step is to set and get data in Memcached.

Set data: $memcached->set($key, $value, $expires).

$key is the key name representing the data, $value is the data to be cached, $expires is the expiration time of the data, in seconds. The following code caches a data named "userInfo" as an array and sets its cache time to 300 seconds.

$userInfo = [
    'name' => '张三',
    'age' => 20,
    'gender' => '男'
];
$memcached->set('userInfo', $userInfo, 300);

Get data: $memcached->get($key).

This method will return the cached data with $key as the key name, or false if it does not exist. The following code will get the "userInfo" data just set.

$data = $memcached->get('userInfo');

The third step is to delete the data.

Delete data: $memcached->delete($key).

This method will delete the cached data with $key as the key name.

$memcached->delete('userInfo');

The fourth step is to replace the data.

Replace data: $memcached->replace($key, $value, $expires).

This method will use $key as the key and replace it with the value of $value.

$memcached->replace('userInfo', ['name' => '李四', 'age' => 25, 'gender' => '女']);

When replacing data, it should be noted that if $key does not exist, the replacement operation will not be performed, so please ensure that $key already exists in the cache.

The fifth step is to clear the cache.

Clear the cache: $memcached->flush().

It should be noted that this method will clear all cached data, so please use it with caution.

$memcached->flush();

So far, we have introduced how to use Memcached in PHP programming. By using it, we can significantly improve the website's access speed, reduce the burden on the database, and improve the website's response speed and user experience.

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