HTTPS performance optimization and security settings in Nginx

With the rapid development of the Internet, the security of the HTTPS protocol in data transmission has received more and more attention. As a popular web server, Nginx also provides support for the HTTPS protocol. When using Nginx as an HTTPS server, we need to pay attention to some performance optimization and security settings. This article will introduce some methods of HTTPS performance optimization and security settings in Nginx to help you better protect website security and improve website performance.

1. HTTPS performance optimization

1.1 Enable HTTP/2 protocol

HTTP/2 is a newer Web protocol that can improve the performance and performance of Web applications. safety. Enabling the HTTP/2 protocol in nginx can significantly improve the performance of HTTPS. To enable HTTP/2, you need to first confirm that you are using the appropriate nginx version. It is required that the nginx version should be 1.9.5 or above, and the OpenSSL version should be 1.0.2 or above. After confirming that the nginx version used meets the requirements, you can add the following configuration in the HTTPS Server block.

listen 443 ssl http2;

1.2 Configuring SSL cache

The SSL protocol is an encryption protocol, and its encryption and decryption process is relatively complex. To improve SSL performance, you can configure SSL caching to reduce the number of TLS handshake interactions. You can add the following configuration in the HTTPS Server block.

ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;

The above configuration will enable a 10MB shared cache and set the session timeout to 5 minutes.

1.3 Use the ssl_prefer_server_ciphers directive

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers is used to determine the cipher suite used during the SSL handshake. Enabling this directive ensures that the server prefers configured cipher suites. Add the following configuration to enable the priority of server-side cipher suites:

ssl_prefer_server_ciphers On;

2. HTTPS security settings

2.1 Secure SSL configuration

The SSL protocol is an encryption-based security protocols, but security vulnerabilities can still occur if not configured properly. Here are some secure SSL configuration recommendations:

• Disable the SSLv2 and SSLv3 protocols as they have been proven to be insecure.
• For TLSv1.0 and TLSv1.1 protocols, RC4 encryption and weak cipher suites should be disabled.
• Use AES cipher suite to increase security.
• Turning on full mode TLS encryption can improve security.

2.2 Secure SSL Certificate

The SSL certificate is one of the most important security components in web applications. It is used to encrypt communications with clients. The following are some secure certificate configuration recommendations:

• Use a CA-signed certificate to ensure the authenticity and trustworthiness of the certificate.
• Use a longer certificate validity period, possibly 2-3 years, to reduce the number of certificate replacements.
• The use of self-signed certificates is prohibited as this may lead to insecure connections.

2.3 Configuring HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS)

HSTS is a security mechanism that ensures HTTPS access by notifying the client that access to the website using HTTP is prohibited. Add the following configuration to the HTTPS Server block to enable HSTS in client browsers.

add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload";

2.4 Enable OCSP Stapling

OCSP Stapling is a secure TLS handshake protocol that eliminates the need for the client to send an OCSP request to the CA server. Add the following configuration to enable OCSP Stapling.

ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
resolver <DNS SERVER>;

The above configuration will enable OCSP Stapling and enable OCSP Stapling verification. In order to use OCSP Stapling, you need to provide the DNS server address and ensure that your DNS server supports OCSP.

Conclusion

Nginx is a popular web server that supports the HTTPS protocol and multiple security optimization settings. This article presents some recommendations for HTTPS performance and security settings in Nginx. With these settings, you'll be able to better secure your site and improve your site's performance. Hope this article will be helpful to you.

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