Access control list and permission management in Vue project

With the continuous development of front-end technology, Vue, as a new type of front-end framework, has been widely used in many projects. However, in most practical application scenarios, user access control is a very important task. Therefore, this article will focus on the technology to implement access control lists (ACL) and permission management in Vue projects.

1. What is an access control list?

Access control list (ACL) refers to a list of users or user groups that are used to limit access to various system resources (such as files, directories, or network connections, etc.). In Vue projects, ACL is usually used to restrict the access rights of different user roles to different pages or certain functional modules in the page.

2. How to implement access control list?

In the Vue project, you can use the Navigation Guards function of Vue Router to implement ACL. Navigation guard is a mechanism provided by Vue Router that allows developers to intercept routing navigation and thereby control navigation. Here is an example:

router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
  const role = localStorage.getItem('userRole');
  if (!role && to.path !== '/login') {
    next('/login');
  } else if (to.meta.permission && !to.meta.permission.includes(role)) {
    next('/403');
  } else {
    next();
  }
});

In this code, we use the beforeEach method to register a global navigation guard. This navigation guard is triggered every time the user navigates between pages. We can use localStorage to get the current user's role to determine whether the user has permission to access the page. If the user is not logged in, jump to the login page; if the user is logged in but does not have permission to access the page, jump to the 403 page; otherwise, let the user continue to access the page.

It should be noted that we can configure the corresponding permission requirements for each route through the meta field in the routing configuration, such as:

{
  path: '/dashboard',
  name: 'Dashboard',
  component: Dashboard,
  meta: {
    permission: ['admin', 'editor']
  }
}

In this example , we configured that the Dashboard page can only be accessed by users with the two roles of admin and editor.

3. What is permission management?

In addition to access control lists, we also need a convenient tool to manage user roles and permissions. Therefore, we need a permission management tool. In the Vue project, you can use some existing permission management tools, such as Vue-Access-Control and Vue-Auth, etc.

Here, we take the Vue-Access-Control tool as an example to briefly introduce how to use this tool for permission management. First, we need to install Vue-Access-Control:

npm install vue-access-control --save

Next, configure it in the entry file of the Vue project:

import VueAccessControl from 'vue-access-control';

Vue.use(VueAccessControl, {
  roles: ['admin', 'editor'],
  defaultRole: 'editor'
});

Vue.accessControl.setAlias('isAdmin', 'admin');
Vue.accessControl.setAlias('isEditor', 'editor');

Here, we first pass Vue.use Let Vue know that we want to use the Vue-Access-Control plug-in. Then, we defined two roles in the configuration, admin and editor. We also define aliases for the role through the setAlias method, which makes it easier for us to use the role in the code.

Finally, in the page, we can use the v-if directive and the can method to control permissions:

<template>
  <div>
    <h2 v-if="can('isAdmin')">
      增加管理员
    </h2>
    <button v-if="can('isEditor')" @click="edit">编辑文章</button>
  </div>
</template>

In this example , we use the v-if directive to determine whether the current user has the corresponding permissions, and use the can method to determine. If the user has permission, the corresponding element is displayed; otherwise, the element is not rendered.

In summary, it is not difficult to implement access control lists and permission management in Vue projects. We can use Vue Router's navigation guard to implement ACL and combine it with existing permission management tools, such as Vue-Access-Control, etc., to meet the needs of permission management. In this way, we can ensure development and deployment in a safe and reliable environment.

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