How to use Yii routing for URL routing in php?

With the development of web applications, URL routing has become a key concept, making the application have a more friendly and easy-to-use URL structure. Many popular web frameworks, such as PHP's Yii framework, provide routing capabilities to help you better organize and manage your application's URLs.

In the Yii framework, routing refers to the operation of mapping the URL address of an HTTP request to a specific action or controller class. Here we will discuss in detail how to use Yii framework to implement URL routing.

Routing rules

In the Yii framework, routing rules refer to the operation of converting the URL address requested by the client into a controller class or an action. The Yii framework manages all routing rules through a routing table, which is composed of an array, and each array element is a routing rule.

The Yii framework provides a wealth of routing rules, including the following types:

• Fixed routing rules: Fixed routing rules specify a specific URL address, such as "/site/ index" will be mapped to the index() action of the SiteController class.
• Dynamic routing rules: Dynamically convert parts of the URL path into action parameters through placeholders. For example "post/1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" will be mapped to the view() action in the PostController class.
• Regular expression routing rule: A route that uses regular expressions to match URLs, which can make URLs more flexible and configurable. For example, "/6c899c21d634eccd10b797fe3680796f" will Matches an ID value that is three characters long.
• RESTful routing rules: Based on RESTful style URL routing, simple URL addresses can be converted into complex operations. For example "POST /post" will be mapped to the create() action in the PostController class.

Create Routing Rules

In Yii, you can convert a URL address into a controller operation or action by writing routing rules. The method of creating routing rules is relatively simple and requires adding them to the routing table. The following is an example that routes "/site/index" to the index() action of the SiteController class:

[
    'site/index' => 'site/index',
]

In this example, we define a fixed routing rule such that the request "/site/index" " will call the index() action in the SiteController class.

Dynamic routing rules

Using dynamic routing rules, parts of the URL path can be converted into action parameters. For example, "post/1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" will map the ID parameter in the URL to the view() action in the PostController class. You can specify a specific parameter format in the routing table to filter illegal requests.

The following is an example of using dynamic routing rules:

[
    'post/<id:d+>' => 'post/view',
]

In this example, we define a dynamic routing rule, which means that the "id" parameter in the URL will be extracted and passed Go to the view() method in the PostController class. In this example, "1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" specifies a regular expression to match one or more numbers.

Regular Expression Routing Rules

In the Yii framework, you can use regular expressions to match URLs to more accurately match specific URL addresses. For example, you can use the "/425b3eb620b5a26c10f58336f0e9ea6a" routing rule to route all ID requests with a length of 3 characters to a specific processing action.

The following is an example of using a regular expression routing rule:

[
    '/<id:w{3}>' => 'site/page',
]

In this example, the "/425b3eb620b5a26c10f58336f0e9ea6a" routing rule matches three arbitrary words character-length string and routes it to the SiteController's page() method. With regular expression routing rules, you can manage and organize your application's URL structure in a more flexible and customizable way.

RESTful routing rules

In the Yii framework, RESTful routing rules enable you to use a series of fast routing rules to handle complex URL structures and action requests. With RESTful routing rules, you can map standard actions to URL-based requests and manage your applications efficiently.

The following is an example of using RESTful routing rules:

[
   'POST /post' => 'post/create',
   'GET /post/<id:d+>' => 'post/view',
   'PUT /post/<id:d+>' => 'post/update',
   'DELETE /post/<id:d+>' => 'post/delete',
];

In this example, the "POST /post" routing rule will be mapped to the PostController's create() method. "GET /post/1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" will match an ID parameter, which will be used in the PostController's view() method. Similarly, "PUT /post/1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" will be routed to the update() method in the PostController class, and "DELETE /post/1ae845aa4984539391bc1a58ac88f77f" will be routed to the delete() method in the PostController class. method.

Conclusion

In the Yii framework, routing provides a mechanism to map URLs into specific actions or controller classes and is therefore one of the key elements for building high-performance applications. Routing rules make URLs more readable and maintainable, and allow for better management and organization of your application. In the actual use of the Yii framework, you can choose different types of routing rules according to the needs of your application to ensure the integrity and reliability of your application and URL structure.

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