作为一门非常流行的后端编程语言，PHP有着很多不同的框架可以使用。其中，CodeIgniter（简称CI）是一款受欢迎的轻量级PHP框架，它提供了很多便捷的功能和优化的方式，帮助开发者更快的开发PHP应用程序。CI 4刚刚发布不久，但是，如果你是刚开始学习CI框架，学习旧版的CI框架仍然是非常有必要的，因为CI八仍被广泛使用。
本篇文章将完整介绍如何使用CI8框架完成一个简单的web应用程序。
第一步：安装CI8框架
首先，你需要下载CI框架，并将其解压缩到你的服务器上。或者，你可以使用composer来安装CI：
composer create-project codeigniter4/appstarter ci8
这将创建一个新的CI项目，并自动下载所有必需的依赖项。完成后，你应该可以看到一个名为"ci8"的项目文件夹。
第二步：配置CI8框架
CI8的默认设置通常适用于大多数web应用程序，但你可能需要按照你自己的需求进行自定义设置。CI8使用一个名为.env的文件来存储所有配置。
你可以在应用程序的根目录下找到“.env”文件，并使用文本编辑器打开。下面是一个示例.env文件：
CI_ENVIRONMENT = development app.baseURL = 'http://localhost:8080/' app.systemCache = true app.sessionDriver = 'CodeIgniterSessionHandlersFileHandler' app.cryptoDriver = 'CodeIgniterEncryptionEncryption' app.key = 'SomeSecretKey!!!'
这里只列出一些常用的配置项，你可以按照你的实际情况进行修改。例如，你可以更改app.baseURL以匹配你的域名。CI8还支持其他许多配置项，可以查看框架文档来进一步了解。
第三步：创建控制器
现在我们将开始创建一个控制器，这是CI框架中处理网页请求和加载模型的重要组件。
在CI框架中，控制器位于app/Controllers文件夹下。我们要在此文件夹下创建一个新的控制器。将下面的代码保存为"Hello.php"（控制器文件名必须和类名相同）。
<?php
namespace AppControllers;
class Hello extends BaseController
{
public function index()
{
echo "Hello World!";
}
}控制器通常继承自“BaseController”，并且方法将处理来自用户的请求。
第四步：创建视图
现在我们需要创建一个视图，显示“Hello World!” 的消息。视图文件夹位于“app / Views”下。在“Views”文件夹下创建一个名为“hello.php”的文件。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="Hello-World">Hello World!</h1>
</body>
</html>第五步：路由
CI框架的路由文件是位于“app/ Config /Routes.php”的文件，这个文件在CIapp中用于定义应用程序URL的路由。
这里是一个路由文件的示例。我们要将路由'/hello'作为“Hello”的控制器方法。
<?php
namespace AppConfig;
use CodeIgniterRoutingRouteCollection;
use CodeIgniterRoutingRouter;
$routes = new RouteCollection();
// Add your routes here
$routes->get('/', 'Home::index');
$routes->get('/hello', 'Hello::index');
// ...
$routes->group('api', function ($routes) {
$routes->get('users', 'User::index');
$routes->post('users/create', 'User::create');
$routes->get('users/(:num)', 'User::show/$1');
});
// ...
Router::addRoutes($routes);现在，我们可以访问http://yourdomain/hello来查看我们的应用程序是否可以正常工作。
小结
这篇文章介绍了如何使用CI8框架来创建一个简单的web应用程序。其中包括配置CI框架、创建控制器、创建视图以及路由。尽管CI4刚刚发布，但是CI8仍然是非常流行的PHP框架之一，因此学习CI8仍然是有价值的。
好了，这篇文章到这里就结束了。我希望你已经能够了解如何使用CodeIgniter 8框架构建web应用程序了。如果你还有其他问题或疑问，可以查看CI8文档或在评论区发表你的问题。
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