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Convert jquery form data to json data

PHPz

May 28, 2023 pm 02:43 PM

With the development of front-end development, more and more websites and applications have changed the form submission method from traditional synchronous requests to asynchronous requests. In this process, the front-end needs to convert the data in the form into JSON format, and then send it to the back-end for processing through an Ajax request. And this requires us to master some related technologies.

When we use jQuery to operate the form, we can convert the form data into JSON format through the following code:

var formData = $('form').serializeArray(); // 将表单序列化为键值对数组
var jsonData = {};
$.each(formData, function() {
    if (jsonData[this.name]) { // 如果json中已经有了该属性，则将其转换为数组
        if (!jsonData[this.name].push) {
            jsonData[this.name] = [jsonData[this.name]];
        }
        jsonData[this.name].push(this.value || '');
    } else {
        jsonData[this.name] = this.value || ''; // 如果是第一次添加该属性，则直接加入json中
    }
});

In the above code, we first use the serializeArray() method Serialize the form into an array of key-value pairsformData. Then we create an empty object jsonData to store the converted JSON data. Finally, use the $.each() method to traverse the form data array and add each key-value pair to jsonData.

It should be noted that the above code uses judgment statements to deal with repeated key-value pairs in the form. When repeated attribute names are encountered, they are converted into arrays and new values are added to the array. middle.

The complete example is as follows:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>表单数据转JSON数据</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(document).ready(function() {
            $('form').submit(function(event) {
                event.preventDefault(); // 阻止表单提交
                var formData = $(this).serializeArray(); // 将表单序列化为键值对数组
                var jsonData = {};
                $.each(formData, function() {
                    if (jsonData[this.name]) { // 如果json中已经有了该属性，则将其转换为数组
                        if (!jsonData[this.name].push) {
                            jsonData[this.name] = [jsonData[this.name]];
                        }
                        jsonData[this.name].push(this.value || '');
                    } else {
                        jsonData[this.name] = this.value || ''; // 如果是第一次添加该属性，则直接加入json中
                    }
                });
                console.log(jsonData); // 打印转换后的JSON数据，可以通过Ajax请求发送到后端进行处理
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <form>
        <label>姓名:</label>
        <input type="text" name="name" value="张三"><br>
        <label>性别:</label>
        <input type="radio" name="gender" value="male" checked>男
        <input type="radio" name="gender" value="female">女<br>
        <label>爱好:</label>
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="reading" checked>阅读
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="music">音乐
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobby" value="travel">旅游<br>
         <button type="submit">提交</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

In this way, we have successfully converted the form data into JSON format and can send it to the backend through an Ajax request. At the same time, it should be noted that the form needs to prevent the default behavior before submitting it. Here we use the event.preventDefault() method.

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