1. What is HTML?
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language), that is, hypertext markup language. Simply put, it is the basic language for web page production. It is a markup language that describes web pages through markup. Each web page may be composed of multiple web page elements (such as text, images, videos, audio, etc.). The main function of HTML is to organize the text, images, audio, video and other content and format information input by the user to form a web page document, which is parsed and rendered by the browser and finally presented to the user.
2. HTML tags
HTML tags are the core concept of HTML. They are commands wrapped in angle brackets that tell the browser how to display text. HTML tags include a start tag (e.g. ), an end tag (e.g. ), or a single tag (e.g. <img src="/static/imghwm/default1.png" data-src="script.js" class="lazy" alt="How to make html web page" > ).
When writing HTML, you must follow the following rules:
- All HTML elements must be within the opening tag
<tag></tag>and the closing tag< ;/tag>is closed. For a single tag, you can use the self-closing tag<tag></tag>. The -
tag is the root tag, indicating the beginning of the entire HTML document. Thetag must be included in all HTML elements. - Each HTML page needs to contain
andtags.The tag contains the metadata of the document, such as the document's title, keywords, etc.tag contains visible page content, such as text, images, etc. - In HTML, tags and attributes are not case-sensitive, but it is recommended to use lowercase letters to enhance the readability of the code.
The following is an example of an HTML template:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>标题</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="标题">标题 1</h1>
<p>这是一个段落。</p>
</body>
</html>3. CSS
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a description of web page styles and The language of layout. It is used along with HTML to create beautiful web pages. CSS controls aspects of web page display such as fonts, colors, backgrounds, borders, and layout.
There are two ways to embed CSS styles in HTML: internal styles and external styles.
Internal style is to add CSS code style in the tag of the page code, for example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>标题</title>
<style>
h1 {
color: blue;
font-family: Arial;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="标题">标题 1</h1>
<p>这是一个段落。</p>
</body>
</html>External style sheet is to add style rules to external files For example:
In the style file style.css:
h1 {
color: blue;
font-family: Arial;
}Add external style to the HTML page:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>标题</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="标题">标题 1</h1>
<p>这是一个段落。</p>
</body>
</html>4. JavaScript
JavaScript It is a scripting language used to control HTML content and make web pages interactive and dynamic. It can be used for interaction with users, such as form validation, image switching, dynamically updating pages, etc.
There are two ways to embed JavaScript in HTML pages: internal scripts and external scripts.
Internal script is to add JavaScript code in or of the page code, for example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>标题</title>
<script>
function sayHello() {
alert("Hello!");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="sayHello()">点击这里</button>
</body>
</html>External script It is to add the script code to the external file, for example:
In the script file script.js:
function sayHello() {
alert("Hello!");
}Add the external script to the HTML page:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>标题</title>
<script></script>
</head>
<body>
<button onclick="sayHello()">点击这里</button>
</body>
</html>5. Make an HTML page
The following are the steps to make a simple HTML page:
- Open a text editor, such as Notepad or Sublime Text.
- Create a new text file and save it in the
.htmlfile format. - Write HTML code, including document type declaration, HTML element tags and content.
- Add CSS styles to control the appearance and style of your web pages.
- Add JavaScript scripts to control the interactivity and dynamics of web pages.
- Open the HTML file with a browser to preview and test the page.
For example, the following is an example of an HTML page containing CSS and JavaScript:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>我的HTML页面</title>
<style>
body {
background-color: #f2f2f2;
font-family: Arial;
}
h1 {
color: #009900;
font-size: 36px;
text-align: center;
margin-top: 50px;
}
</style>
<script>
function sayHello() {
alert("Hello!");
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="欢迎访问我的HTML页面">欢迎访问我的HTML页面</h1>
<button onclick="sayHello()">点击这里</button>
</body>
</html>6. Summary
HTML is the basic language for web page production. Use To describe and present web content. CSS and JavaScript can enhance the appearance and interactivity of web pages, making them more attractive. Making an HTML page requires following the rules of HTML tags, adding styles and scripts, and finally testing it in the browser. By learning HTML, CSS and JavaScript, you can gain basic knowledge of front-end development and lay a solid foundation for web design and development.
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