git exclude directory

Git is a very powerful version control tool that can easily manage code versions. Git can track changes to all files within the project, but in some cases, some files do not need to be tracked by Git. This article will explain how to exclude directories in Git.

When Git is tracking a project, it is sometimes necessary to exclude certain files or directories. This may be because these files or directories contain some sensitive information, temporary files, or files that do not need to be tracked. By specifying the files or directories to be excluded in the .gitignore file, Git will ignore changes to these files.

To exclude certain directories in Git, you need to use a .gitignore file. This file is a configuration file used by Git to exclude specified files or directories. This can be accomplished by specifying files or directories to ignore in this file.

The following is an example of a .gitignore file:

# 排除所有.class文件
*.class

# 排除所有.log文件
*.log

# 排除build目录
build/

In the above example, by specifying *.class and *.log# in the .gitignore file ##To exclude all .class and .log files. At the same time, use build/ to specify the excluded build directory.

In the above example, some wildcard characters are also used. Use

* in the .gitignore file to represent any name or any number of characters, use ? to represent any character, and use ** to represent any number of matches. Table of contents.

At the same time, the .gitignore file also supports comments. You can use the

# symbol at the beginning of the line to add comments.

In addition to excluding directories in the .gitignore file, you can also use the command line.

If you want to exclude all files in the directory, you can use the following command:

git rm -r --cached directory_name

Where,

directory_name is the name of the directory to be excluded. This command will delete the directory from Git, but will not delete the local files.

If you only want to exclude some files in the directory, you can manually add the names of these files to the .gitignore file.

But it should be noted that if a file that is already tracked by Git is added to the .gitignore file, although it can be excluded, it will still be retained in the Git repository. At this time, you need to use the following command to delete it from the Git repository:

git rm --cached file_name

where

file_name is the name of the file that needs to be deleted.

When using Git, excluding directories and files is a very common requirement. This can be achieved using a .gitignore file or the command line. You need to choose a method that suits you according to your actual needs to exclude files or directories that do not need to be tracked.

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