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HomeBackend DevelopmentPHP TutorialPHP文件锁函数flock()详细介绍_PHP

文件操作系统是在网络环境下完成的,可能有多个客户端用户在同一个时刻对服务器上的同一个文件访问。当这种并发访问产生时,很可能会破坏文件中。例如一个用户正在向文件中写入数据,当还没有写完时,其他用户在这一时刻也向这个文件中写数据,就会造成数据写入混乱。还有,当用户没有将数据写完时,其他用户就去获取这个文件中的内容,也会得到残缺的数据。

在PHP中提供了flock()函数,可以对文件使用锁定机制(锁定或释放文件)。当一个进程在访问文件时加上锁,其他进程要想对该文件进行访问,则必须等到锁定被释放以后。这样就可以避免在并发访问同一个文件时破坏数据。该函数的原型如下:

代码如下:


bool flock(int handle,int operation[,int&wouldblock])             //轻便的咨询文件锁定


第一个参数handle必须是一个已经打开的文件资源,第二个参数opeation也是必需的,规定使用哪种类型。operation可以是以下值之一:
★LOCK_SH取得共享锁定(从文件中读取数据时使用)。
★LOCK_EX取得独占锁定(向文件中写入数据时使用)。
★LOCK_UN释放锁定(无论共享或独占锁,都用它释放)。
★LOCK_NB附加锁定(如果不希望flock()在锁定时堵塞,则应在上述锁定后加上该锁)。

如果锁定会堵塞的话(已经被flock()锁定的文件,再次锁定时,flock()函数会被挂起,这时成为锁定堵塞),也可以将可选的第三个参数设定为1,则当进行锁定时会阻挡其他进程。锁定操作也可以被fclose()释放。为了让flock()函数发挥作用,在所有访问文件的程序中都必须使用相同的方式锁定文件。该函数如果成功则返回TRUE,失败则返回FALSE。

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