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May 15, 2023 pm 05:45 PM

HTML 不转义：如何在 HTML 中避免字符转义

在 HTML 中，有些字符如尖括号、引号、和符号等需要用实体编码来表示，否则它们会被解释为 HTML 代码，而不是文本字符。这种字符转义带来了一些不便，例如打印代码时难以保留代码的格式，即使是原始代码也会被解释为 HTML 代码，而不是纯文本。

不过，HTML 5 中引入了一个新特性，即不转义。在这种模式下，尖括号不再被解释为 HTML 标签，可以在 HTML 文本中直接使用，而不需要使用实体编码。这对于编写和显示代码非常有用。

如何使用不转义

在 HTML 5 中，可以通过将 DOCTYPE 声明设置为以下所示来启用不转义模式：

<!DOCTYPE html>

在这种模式下，尖括号将不会被解释为 HTML 标签，可以在 HTML 文本中直接使用：

<p>This is a paragraph with < and > characters.</p>

输出将是：

This is a paragraph with characters.

如果尝试在不转义模式下插入实际的 HTML 标签，则 HTML 标签将不会按照预期工作。例如：

<p>This is not a <p> tag!</p>

输出将是：

This is not a

tag!

如何在不转义模式下使用其他实体

在不转义模式中，其他实体仍然需要使用实体编码。例如：

<p>The &euro; is the currency symbol for the euro.</p>

输出将是：

The € is the currency symbol for the euro.

然而，对于常用的实体，可以在 HTML 的 header 标签中添加特定的字符集声明，以便它们在文本中使用。例如，要使用常见的实体，如：€ “ © 等，可以添加以下字符集声明：

<meta charset="UTF-8">

这些常见实体现在可以直接在 HTML 中使用，如下所示：

<p>The € is the currency symbol for the euro. This sentence uses &ldquo;quotation marks&rdquo; and includes a &copy; symbol.</p>

输出将是：

The € is the currency symbol for the euro. This sentence uses “quotation marks” and includes a © symbol.

总结

HTML 不转义是一个很好的特性，可以使代码在文本中更容易阅读，并且可以在打印代码时更好地保留格式。但是，在不转义模式中，不能在文本中使用实际的 HTML 标记，仍然需要使用实体编码。

另外，可以在 HTML 代码中添加适当的字符集声明以便使用其他实体。

通过这些技巧，可以更轻松地编写和显示 HTML 代码，同时保持文本的易读性和可打印性。

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