How nginx works with golang

Achieve efficient network applications

With the rapid development of the Internet, the efficiency and performance requirements of network applications are becoming higher and higher. As two popular technologies, nginx and golang can be combined to achieve efficient network applications. This article will introduce the basic concepts of nginx and golang, and introduce in detail the combination and implementation methods of nginx and golang.

What is nginx?

nginx is a high-performance open source web server. It can serve as both an HTTP server and a reverse proxy server, which can improve the performance of web applications. Application security can also be strengthened.

nginx was written by Russian engineer Igor Sysoev. It was originally created to solve the needs of high concurrency and high performance. Its advantages are mainly focused on high concurrency, high performance and low consumption.

Compared with common web servers, nginx has the following advantages:

1. Lightweight: nginx uses very few resources and can support high concurrency.

2. High reliability: nginx has been proven to have very high reliability through practice.

3. High scalability: nginx can be dynamically expanded through modules.

4. Flexibility: nginx supports a variety of application scenarios and can be used as a web server, reverse proxy, load balancer, etc.

What is golang?

Golang is an efficient programming language developed by Google. Its original design is to solve the problem of developing efficient and high-concurrency network applications.

Golang has the following characteristics:

1. Support concurrency: golang provides a mechanism called goroutine, which can easily achieve concurrency.

2. Efficiency: Golang relies on a deeply optimized compiler and runtime environment to achieve efficient code.

3. Readability: Golang’s syntax is concise and clear, and has high readability.

The combination of nginx and golang realizes efficient network applications

The combination of nginx and golang is mainly achieved through the FastCGI protocol. FastCGI is a universal protocol that enables communication between web servers and web applications. It is widely used in web applications such as PHP, Perl, and Python.

Golang’s standard library provides a FastCGI library that can be used to write FastCGI applications. nginx itself has a built-in FastCGI module and can be used as a FastCGI server.

Therefore, we can achieve efficient network applications through the combination of nginx and golang.

The following are the basic steps to implement the combination of nginx and golang:

1. Write a FastCGI application for golang.

2. Compile the golang application into an executable file.

3. Add FastCGI server in nginx.

4. Configure FastCGI parameters for nginx and golang applications.

5. Start the nginx server and golang FastCGI application.

The process of implementing web applications with nginx and golang is shown in the figure below:

Image source: https://www.nginx.com/blog/using-nginx-with-golang/

The way nginx configures the FastCGI server is as follows:

1. Add the FastCGI server:

location / {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME / var/www/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

2. Configure FastCGI parameters:

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

The way to implement FastCGI in golang is as follows:

1 .Import the FastCGI library:

import (
"net"
"net/http"
"net/http/fcgi"
)

2. Write HTTP processing function:

func main() {
var l net.Listener
var err error
l, err = net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:9000 ")
if err != nil {

  log.Fatal(err)

}
srv := &http.Server{}
http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
srv.Serve( l)
}

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
//Handle HTTP requests
}

3. Compile and executable File:

go build -o main

Start nginx server and golang FastCGI application

Through the above steps, we can successfully combine nginx with golang to achieve high efficiency web application. The way to start the nginx server and golang FastCGI application is as follows:

1. Start nginx:

sudo nginx

2. Start the golang application:

./main

The golang application can be started through the above steps. When accessing the nginx server, FastCGI will pass the request to the golang application for processing and return the processing result to the nginx server, thereby achieving efficient web application.

Conclusion

nginx and golang are two very popular technologies, and their combination can achieve efficient and high-performance web applications. Through the combination of nginx and golang, the response speed and performance of web applications can be improved, thereby providing users with a better user experience. In this way, the method and implementation of combining nginx and golang can make us more comfortable in the development of web applications.

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