Install multiple versions of nodejs

With the rapid development of Node.js, we often need to use multiple different versions of Node.js on the same computer. This may be used to develop different projects, or to test compatibility of new versions. However, installing and managing multiple Node.js versions can get quite complex and confusing.

In this article, we will explain how to install and manage multiple Node.js versions on the same computer. We'll explore using the Node.js manager to help manage multiple versions, using nvm (Node Version Manager) to install and switch versions, and how to use different Node.js versions in different projects.

1. Using Node.js Manager

Node.js Manager is a utility for managing multiple Node.js versions. It automatically downloads and installs the required Node.js versions and provides a simple command line interface to manage these versions.

Using the Node.js Manager, you can quickly view all available Node.js versions on your system and set them as the default version. Additionally, it provides some other useful features such as uninstalling unwanted versions, creating new versions, switching default version to other versions, etc.

To use the Node.js manager, you need to install it first. You can install the Node.js manager by running the following command:

npm install -g n

After the installation is complete, you can use the following command to list all available Node.js versions:

n ls

You can see Multiple Node.js versions have been installed in the current system. The default version is the latest stable version. You can also use the following command to list all versions:

n --list

In addition, you can also use the following command to install other versions:

n <version>

For example, to install the 12.13.1 version of Node.js, you can run the following command:

n 12.13.1

When the Node.js manager adds a new version, By default it will set it as the default version. If you want to change the default version to another version, you can use the following command:

n use <version>

For example, if you want to change the default version to 12.13.1, you can use the following command:

n use 12.13.1

Use Node.js Manager makes it easy to install, manage, and switch between multiple Node.js versions. However, it cannot work with different Node.js versions in different projects. Therefore, we need to use more powerful tools to manage multiple versions.

2. Use nvm to install and switch Node.js versions

nvm (Node Version Manager) is a utility for installing and managing multiple Node.js versions. It works with Node. js manager is similar, but more flexible and customizable.

nvm can help you quickly install and upgrade Node.js versions, and allows you to switch different Node.js versions between different projects. Using nvm, you can easily run multiple Node.js programs on the same computer without worrying about version conflicts.

To use nvm, use the following command to install it on your system:

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash

After the installation is complete, you need to restart the terminal window or run the following command for nvm to take effect:

source ~/.bashrc

Next, you can use the following command to list all available Node.js versions:

nvm ls-remote

You can see that multiple Node.js versions have been installed in the current system, among which the default The version is the latest stable version. Additionally, you can install a specific version of Node.js with the following command:

nvm install <version>

For example, to install the 12.13.1 version of Node.js, you can run the following command:

nvm install 12.13.1

Install Once done, you can use the following command to change the default version to a different version:

nvm use <version>

For example, if you want to change the default version to 12.13.1, you can use the following command:

nvm use 12.13.1

To To use a specified version of Node.js in the current project, you can use the following command:

nvm use <version> --reinstall-packages-from=

For example, if you want to use the 12.13.1 version of Node.js, you can use the following command:

nvm use 12.13.1 --reinstall-packages-from=12.12.0

This will use a given version of Node.js and reinstall all packages already installed in that version. This will ensure that your application works properly when running in a specific version of Node.js.

When using nvm, you can easily install, manage, and switch multiple Node.js versions and use them in different projects. However, to make it easier to manage multiple Node.js versions, you can integrate nvm into your project.

3. Use different Node.js versions in the project

In order to better manage multiple Node.js versions, you can integrate nvm into the project. This will allow you to manage Node.js versions in each project individually and ensure that the correct version is available for each project.

To integrate nvm into your project, create a file named .nvmrc in the root directory of your project. This file should contain the version number of the Node.js version you wish to use in your project, for example:

12.13.1

nvm will use the version specified in this file as the default Node.js version for this project. If you encounter any problems running the project, make sure the .nvmrc file contains the correct version number.

In addition to using .nvmrc files, you can also use nvm scripts. This will allow you to automatically set up your project-specific Node.js environment. To use the nvm script, create a file named .nvmrc in the root directory of your project and add the following code to your project script:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
nvm use

这将确保每次运行项目时都会自动使用 .nvmrc 文件指定的 Node.js 版本。

总结

在本文中，我们介绍了在同一台计算机上安装和管理多个 Node.js 版本的方法。我们探讨了使用 Node.js 管理器、使用 nvm 进行安装和切换版本以及如何在不同的项目中使用不同的 Node.js 版本。对于需要使用多个不同的 Node.js 版本的开发人员来说，这些方法将使其更容易地管理和使用多个 Node.js 版本，并使其能够更轻松地开发和测试不同的项目。

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